Sanitary valve|sanitary part

Series 500-SN Sanitary Ball Valves

2011-03-25T09:02:00.000-07:00

In the Series of 500-SN Sanitary Ball Valves we can see that sanitary vale really needed for high sanitary procces such as baby food procesing, below some features in this sanitary valve:

Features:

Steam rating: 150 PSI WSP
Working Pressure : 1000 PSI
INVESTMENT CASTING BODY & CAP
ME-PTFE SEAL KITS : REPLACES PTFE,RPTFE AND FPA, LOW DEFORMATION UNDER LOAD, LOW PERMEATION
Temperature Rating : -45.5° C (-50'F) to 246'C (475)
LONG CYCLE LIFE
BLOW - OUT- PROOF STEM
ANTI - STATIC DEVICE
ADJUSTABLE STEM PACKING
HANDLE WITH LOCKING DEVICE
FULL ISO-5211 PAD FOR DIRECT MOUNT AUTOMATION
Test Standard: API 598
Vacuum Service to 29" Hg
End Connections: Threaded End

Pneumatic actuator for sanitary falve

2010-11-13T07:10:00.000-08:00

Pneumatic valve
Connection mode:Pneumatic Diaphragm Valve
Specification:1/2"-2", applied to the stainless steel pipeline system
Material quality :SUS316L
Standard :ISO,DIN,IDF,SMS
Application :pharmacy,beer,food,dairy,beverage,cosmetic,chemical industry
Working principle : remote-controlled operation by the driving gear or manual operation by The handel Three drive forms: normally closed, normally opened and opened and closed by two air flues separately
We can offer all kinds of the sanitary vlaves and can manufacture them according to any drawings.

welded butterfly sanitary valve specification

2010-11-13T06:59:00.000-08:00

Sanitary Welded butterfly valve
Connection mode:welded
Specification :1"-4", applied to the stainless steel pipeline system
Material quality :SUS304,SUS316L
Standard :ISO,DIN,IDF,SMS
Application :pharmacy,beer,food,dairy,beverage,cosmetic,chemical industry
Working principle : remote-controlled operation by the driving gear or manual operation by the handel Three drive forms: normally closed, normally opened and opened and closed by two air flues separately
We can offer all kinds of the sanitary vlaves and can manufacture them according to any drawings.
this sanitary valve good for baby food processing

Minidisc sanitary valve

2010-11-10T07:42:00.000-08:00

DISCOVER WHAT THE MINIDISC SANITARY VALVE DESIGN MEANS
The superb simplicity of disc sanitay valve meeting shaft at 45° means the seat is unpierced, for the purest of product integrity. The 180° rotation angles the disc sanitary valve cleanly through the product flow so the sanitary valve opens without resistance and stays in place. Half a turn of the valve handle provides quick, positive, leak-free shutoff. An "OPEN - CLOSE" mylar label indicates the status at a glance. A simple twist of the accessory lock-handle transforms the MINIDISC® into a regulating valve, locking firmly into any desired position.

The MINIDISC® is truly easy to maintain. Made entirely of stainless steel, type 304 or 316, it dismantles without tools, in seconds, simply by opening the standard heavy-duty clamp. Only three low-cost elements ever need replacement: the seat and two stem "O" rings. Changing them is a snap. The two "O" rings on the disc shaft prevent the entrance of the product into the stem housing. Two leak detector holes alert operator of worn "O" rings.

To insure a wide variety of applications, diverse gasket materials are offered. The seat is available in Teflon, buna, silicone, EPDM and Viton® (surcharge). The standard "O" rings are buna or Viton®. Other elastomers, EPDM and silicone, are available on request. Innovative, yet time-tested, long lasting, sanitary and fairly priced, the MINIDISC® valve boasts a proven record in the field.

MAXIMUM IN-LINE FLOW PRESSURE
Valve Size 1 1/2", 2", 2 1/2"............................120 psi
Valve Size 3", 4", 6".........................................80 psi

NOTE: The MINIDISC® valve is installed with the product flowing against the flat disc (see arrow). If the product flow is reversed, the pressure resistance will be reduced.

flow control sanitary valves

2010-11-10T06:13:00.000-08:00

Sanitary Valve

The type SCV85 and SCV89 flow control sanitary valves are well suited to automated control systems found in biotechnology, pharmaceutical and food processes. Common control sanitary valve uses are pressure, temperature and flow control in fermentation reactors; control of gas blankets in closed vessels; and catalyst, defoamer, and additive initiation.

Manufactured in accordance with the 3A Symbol Council
O-ring stem seal quick disassembly with clamps
Choice of ends: butt-weld, Tri-Clamp
Choice of 17 innervalves
Choice of innervalve characteristics: linear, equal percentage, quick-open

Sanitary valve troubleshooting guide

2010-11-09T05:28:00.000-08:00

Sanitary valve troubleshooting:
Erratic Control
• Oversizing causes cycling or hunting –recalculate size required
• Check operation of steam traps and or relief Sanitary valves down stream
• Check that Sanitary valve moves freely over its entire stroke.
• Check inlet pressure does not droop excessively under load
Insufficient flow
• Ensure isolation Sanitary valves are open fully
• Check upstream pressure
• Blow down strainers
• Check control valve opens fully. Could be insufficient signal pressure of diaphragm problem
Sanitary Valve Passing
• Check actuator preload adjustment
• Check for foreign matter in seat
• Check for seat/plug damage

Actuator Adjustment sanitary valve

2010-11-09T05:21:00.000-08:00

The preload tension on the actuator sanitary valve should be adjusted so that the sanitary valve plug begins to lift at the correct signal pressure when the full process pressure is acting upon the plug. (Air to Open valve)
Adjusting Preload
1. With full process pressure acting on the sanitary valve, connect the air signal to the actuator and note at what signal pressure the sanitary valve plug begins to lift.
2. If plug lifts below the lower signal limit (3 or 6 PSIG depending upon range) screw valve stem out of the actuator stem. Apply air to the actuator so that the plug is not turning on the seat while making the adjustment.
3. If the plug does not lift until significantly over the lower signal limit screw the valve stem further into the actuator stem
4. Adjust the valve stem until the valve is shut off at 3 PSI signal but lifts just above this pressure.
5. Once adjustment is complete lock valve stem position using the two stem nuts. Note: A valve that has been set to lift at 3 PSI with full process pressure will lift at a considerably higher start pressure when the process pressure is removed.

Instalation sanitary valve guide

2010-11-09T04:31:00.000-08:00

Instalation sanitary valve step :
1. Your V972 valve is designed for sanitary Valve service and should be installed in a clean system. As such, strainers at the sanitary valve inlet should not be necessary.
2. Isolation sanitary valves, pressure gauges and bypass piping should be installed as indicated in the diagram to provide easier adjustment, operation and testing.
3. The valve is normally installed with the inlet vertical on the bottom, and the outlet horizontal to provide the best drainage within the valve. This is recommended only for drainage considerations and the valve will function in any orientation
4. Use caution in tightening commercial sanitary fittings. Over-tightening can cause the gasket to extrude into the flow passage. 5. In gas or vapour service, it is recommended that the outlet piping is at least one pipe size larger than the inlet. 6. Provide proper air pressure to the valve. The maximum rating of the actuator is 50 PSI. Exceeding this pressure may damage the valve and cause danger to equipment and personnel.
7. Where liquid pressure surges are severe a piping accumulator is recommended to prevent hammer.

Welded butterfly Sanitary valve

2010-11-06T08:59:00.000-07:00

Welded butterfly Sanitary valve
Welded butterfly Sanitary valve Manufacturer and Welded butterfly Sanitary valve supplier in China.We can produce Welded butterfly valve, Sanitary Butterfly valve, SWelded butterfly Sanitary valve according to your requirements. If you are interested in any of Welded butterfly valve or Welded butterfly Sanitary valve or have a customized requirement to fill, please give yur comment and contact us now

Welded butterfly Sanitary valve
Connection mode:welded
Specification:1"-4", applied to the stainless steel pipeline system
Material quality:SUS304,SUS316L
Standard:ISO,DIN,IDF,SMS
Application:pharmacy,beer,food,dairy,beverage,cosmetic,chemical industry
Working principle: remote-controlled operation by the driving gear or manual operation by the handel Three drive forms: normally closed, normally opened and opened and closed by two air flues separately
We can offer all kinds of the sanitary vlaves and can manufacture them according to any drawings.

Clamped Butterfly Sanitary Valve

2010-11-06T08:55:00.000-07:00

Clamped Butterfly Sanitary Valve overview
Clamped Butterfly Sanitary Valves Manufacturer and Clamped Butterfly Sanitary Valve supplier in China.We can produce Sanitary Butterfly valve, Clamped Butterfly Valve,Clamped Butterfly Sanitary Valve according to your requirements. If you are interested in any of Clamped Butterfly Valve or Clamped Butterfly Sanitary Valve or have a customized requirement to fill, please see detailed data below :

Clamped Butterfly Sanitary Valve
Connection mode: clamped
Specification:1"-4", applied to the stainless steel pipeline system
Material quality:SUS304,SUS316L
Standard:ISO,DIN,IDF,SMS
Application:pharmacy,beer,food,dairy,beverage,cosmetic,chemical industry
Working principle: remote-controlled operation by the driving gear or manual operation by the handel Three drive forms: normally closed, normally opened and opened and closed by two air flues separately
We can offer all kinds of the sanitary valves and can manufacture them according to any drawings.

strahman sanitary ball valve

2010-11-06T07:09:00.000-07:00

Strahman has designed a unique high performance sanitary ball valve. The sanitary valve has a trunnion-mounted design to handle high pressures. Ball and seats can have special selected surface coatings. This combination makes it suitable for heavy-duty service. The bottom entry design option allows very quick and easy exchange of the sanitary valve, without removing the actuation. These sanitary valves are available with both full and reduced bore. Possible applications can be found in the polymer, power and mining industries.

STANDARD FEATURES FOR SIDE ENTRY & BOTTOM ENTRY DESIGN

1. TrunnionMounted— The ball is trunnion mounted to reduce the operating torque. This trunnion mounted design limits the forces on the seat rings and guarantees a long lifetime in service. It also provides a double block and bleed feature.

2. MetalSeating— The sealing surfaces are chromium carbide coated with our special hardening process. The seat shape has been calculated to minimize the peak effect on the edges. This increases the lifetime of the ball and seat surfaces.

3. FloatingSeats— Allow expansion in temperature and the purge of the body inner seat cavity. The independent seats provide bi-directional tightness in the sanitary valve.

4. ThrustBushing— This thrust ring reduces the friction caused by the pressure applied on the stem area. This feature also reduces the torque required to operate the sanitary valve.

5. Anti-BlowOut— The sanitary valve stem is securely mounted in the sanitary valve, even in case of a packing failure the integral shoulder in the sanitary valve body and the shoulder machined on the stem prevents blow-out of the stem.

6. BidirectionalUpstreamSealing— The two independent, spring-loaded seats prevent line pressure from by-passing the ball. In low pressure situations the springs maintain seating thrust. As line pressure increases, the process pressure pushes the up-stream seat against the ball which increases the sealing force. The bottom vent connection allows purging of the inner seat cavity which makes this design double block and bleed.

7. Standard Full Bore Design

8, 9. MultiSpringLoading— Springs provide flexible and reliable seat loads. Springs (8) are protected from erosion by the seat compression ring. The seats have a groove for easy seat retraction during maintenance (9).

10. Anti-staticDesign— The spring maintains a permanent contact between the ball and the stem. It prevents any accumulation of electric charges on the ball, and therefore any unexpected electric discharge.

11. StemGuideBushing— This bushing is used to take the lateral forces created by actuating the sanitary valve. It prevents any bending or flexing of the stem and guarantees a long lifetime for the packing.

12. SeparateBallandStem— This feature assures proper centering of the ball between the two seats. It prevents differential pressure applied on the ball to be displaced to the seats.

13. Inherently fire safe due to the design and packing/gasket materials

14. Forged body and trim

aseptic Diaphragm sanitary valve

2010-11-06T07:02:00.000-07:00

Applications
WJ6 aseptic Diaphragm valve can be remote controlled by an actuator or manually operated by a handle. It is very applicable to the control of pipe fluid and the switching task. It is widely used in pharmaceutical, dairy, beverage and brewing industries with aseptic working conditions requirements.

Operating Principle
The tight mating of valve body and diaphragms makes the valve body and valve seats sealed, which ensures absolute isolation of internal pipeline and external environment. Therefore the valve is applicable to the aseptic process.

The up and down movement of valve stem causes WJ6 aseptic diaphragm valve to open or close. When valve stem moves upwards, spherical diaphragms naturally bend upwards and separate from valve seat, the valve is open then. When valve stem moves from top to bottom, valve plug makes diaphragms bent and clung to valve seat, the valve is closed then.

WJ6 aseptic diaphragm valve can be operated manually, by pneumatic actuator, or by smart controller.

Technical Data

Metal material	Product wetted	316L (DIN-1.4404) forged
Metal material	Non-product wetted	304 (DIN-1.4301)
Seal material	Standard	PTFE/EPDM composite diaphragm
	Options	EPDM, Silicone, FPM
	All seal materials comply with FDA 177.2600.
Temperature	Continuous working temperature	-20°C ~ +135°C (PTFE/EPDM)
Temperature	Sterilization temperature	150°C (Max 20min)
Pressure	Working pressure	0~10bar
Pressure	Control air pressure	5~8bar
Surface treatment	Internal surface	Ra≤0.4µm (mechanical polishing or electropolishing)
Surface treatment	External surface	Shot blasting
Connection	Connection standards	Welding end: DIN 11866 series 1
	Connection standards	Welding end: DIN 11866 series 3
	Connection methods: welding, thread, clamp, flange
Options	Smart controller	24V DC
	Smart controller	Solenoid valve (1)
	Position sensor	24V DC
	Position sensor	NPN/PNP position sensor (2)

Optimal Installation Angle Diagram of Diaphragm Valve

According to the structure feature, thirty degree is the optimal installation angle for aseptic diaphragm valve, which makes for complete drain after cleaning and prevents residue.

Body Configurations

Custom sanitary valve

2010-11-06T06:59:00.000-07:00

The Strahman sanitary valve is the first ram valve to be in compliance with ASME-BPE-2002 standards. The unique design is self pigging, preventing foreign matter from collecting in the recess cavities of the valve interior. The sanitary valve is ideal for applications including hydrogenated oils, margarines, flavoring and food additives—anywhere high sanitary conditions are necessary.

Control Valves review

2010-11-06T06:49:00.000-07:00

About Control Valves

Control valves or proportional valves are power-operated devices used to modify fluid flow or pressure rate in a process system. These valves are used throughout industry in many applications. Control valves types include globe, diaphragm, pinch, knife or gate, needle, butterfly, ball, and plug.

Globe valves are linear motion valves with rounded bodies, from which their name is derived. They are widely used in industry to regulate fluid flow in both on/off and throttling service. Diaphragm valves are related to pinch valves, but use an elastomeric diaphragm, instead of an elastomeric liner in the valve body, to separate the flow stream from the closure element. Instead of pinching the liner closed to provide shut-off, the diaphragm is pushed into contact with the bottom of the valve body to provide shut-off. Pinch valves include any valve with a flexible elastomer body that can be pinched closed, cutting off flow, using a mechanism or fluid pressure. Pinch valves are full bore, linear action valves so they can be used in both an off/on manner or in a variable position or throttling service.

Gate or knife valves are linear motion valves in which a flat closure element slides into the flow stream to provide shut-off. Gate control valves are usually divided into two types: parallel and wedge-shaped. The parallel gate valve uses a flat disc gate between two parallel seats, upstream and downstream. Knife valves are of this type, but with a sharp edge on the bottom of the gate to shear entrained solids or separate slurries. Needle control valves have a slender, tapered point at the end of the valve stem that is lowered through the seat to restrict or block flow. Fluid flowing through the valve turns 90 degrees and passes through an orifice that is the seat for a rod with a cone shaped tip.

Butterfly valves are quick opening valves that consist of a metal circular disc or vane with its pivot axes at right angles to the direction of flow in the pipe, which when rotated on a shaft, seals against seats in the valve body. They are normally used as throttling valves to control flow. Ball valve provide tight shut-off and characterizable control. They have high rangeability due to the design of the regulating element, without the complications of side loads typical of butterfly or globe valves. Plug control valves, also called cock or stop-cock valves, date back to ancient times, where they were developed for use in citywide Roman plumbing systems. Today, they remain one of the most widely used valves for both on/off and throttling services.

Important specifications to consider when searching for power-operated control valves include diameter, working pressure, and operating temperature. Media types include gases, liquids, and liquids with suspended solids. The material temperature is also important to consider. Metal material choices for valve body include brass, bronze, copper, cast iron, ductile iron, Monel, and stainless steel.

There are many choices for end configuration on control valves. These include threaded, socket-weld or buttweld, push on, solder end, clamp, grooved end, flangeless wafer-style, lugged, mechanical joint, and flanged. Valve actuation methods for control valves include electric, pneumatic, hydraulic, and manual. Seat features include metal-to-metal, o-ring or soft seat, Class IV or V, and Class VI. Control valves may configure to ANSI standards, API standards, MSS specifications, UL listings, ASME standards, and Federal specification WW-V-35C. Check with manufacturer for exact listings. Some control valves may come configured as a multi-piece design. Common applications for control valves include general purpose, process control, oil or fuel, sanitary, fire service, cryogenic, refrigeration, chemicals, and laboratory or medical.

aseptic Diaphragm Valve

2010-11-06T06:36:00.000-07:00

Applications
WJ6 aseptic Diapragm Valve can be remote controlled by an actuator or manually operated by a handle. It is very applicable to the control of pipe fluid and the switching task. It is widely used in pharmaceutical, dairy, beverage and brewing industries with aseptic working conditions requirements.

WJ6 aseptic diaphragm valve can be operated manually, by pneumatic actuator, or by smart controller.

Technical Data

Metal material	Product wetted	316L (DIN-1.4404) forged
Metal material	Non-product wetted	304 (DIN-1.4301)
Seal material	Standard	PTFE/EPDM composite diaphragm
	Options	EPDM, Silicone, FPM
	All seal materials comply with FDA 177.2600.
Temperature	Continuous working temperature	-20°C ~ +135°C (PTFE/EPDM)
Temperature	Sterilization temperature	150°C (Max 20min)
Pressure	Working pressure	0~10bar
Pressure	Control air pressure	5~8bar
Surface treatment	Internal surface	Ra≤0.4µm (mechanical polishing or electropolishing)
Surface treatment	External surface	Shot blasting
Connection	Connection standards	Welding end: DIN 11866 series 1
	Connection standards	Welding end: DIN 11866 series 3
	Connection methods: welding, thread, clamp, flange
Options	Smart controller	24V DC
	Smart controller	Solenoid valve (1)
	Position sensor	24V DC
	Position sensor	NPN/PNP position sensor (2)

Optimal Installation Angle Diagram of Diaphragm Valve

According to the structure feature, thirty degree is the optimal installation angle for aseptic diaphragm valve, which makes for complete drain after cleaning and prevents residue.

Body Configurations

sanitary single-seat valve

2010-11-06T06:25:00.001-07:00

Applications
DZ3 sanitary single-seat valve has very flexible design which meets sanitary requirements, and is mainly used in pipeline systems without contaminant or mixture. As a modern and widely-used valve, it is mainly used in the wine brewing, dairy, beverage, and pharmaceutical industries.

Operating Principle
DZ3 sanitary single-seat valve is remotely operated by means of compressed air. By controlling the relative position of valve plug, it makes the valve open or closed (shut-off type), or changes the flow direction of media (divert type).

DZ3 sanitary single-seat valve is equipped with our ZK3 smart controller, which not only remote controls the single-seat valve, but can also perform real-time monitoring of the valve working conditions and timely feedback of signals. It can also be equipped with the position sensor only.

DZ3 sanitary single-seat valve can be equipped with Burkert 1066 controller by installing an adapter plate.

Actuator Function
1. The actuator moves downwards pneumatically, the spring is reset.
2. The actuator moves upwards pneumatically, the spring is reset.
3. The actuator moves upwards or downwards pneumatically.

Technical Data

Metal material	Product wetted	316L (DIN-1.4404)
	Non-product wetted	304 (DIN-1.4301)
	We can provide EN 10204 3.1B certificate.
Seal material	Standard	EPDM
	Options	NBR, FPM, Silicone
	All seal materials comply with FDA 177.2600.
Temperature	Continuous working temperature	-20°C ~ +135°C (EPDM)
Temperature	Sterilization temperature	150°C (Max 20min)
Pressure	Working pressure	0~5bar (standard)
	Accepting high pressure requirement
	Control air pressure	5~8bar
Surface treatment	Internal surface	Ra≤0.8µm
Surface treatment	External surface	Shot blasting
Connection	Connection standards	Welding end: DIN 11850 series 2
	Connection standards	Welding end: Inch pipe diameter standard
	Connection methods: welding, thread, clamp, flange
Options	Smart controller	24V DC
	Smart controller	Solenoid valve (1 or 2)
	Position sensor	24V DC
	Position sensor	NPN/PNP position sensor (2)

Body Configurations

sanitary sampling valve

2010-11-06T06:24:00.001-07:00

Applications
PV sanitary sampling valve is equipped with anti-rotation components and is more sanitary and reliable. It is mainly used for material sample collection in tanks and pipes. It can also be installed at the bottom of the tank or pipes for draining residual fluid.

PV sanitary sampling valve has two configurations.

PV-1 sanitary sampling valve adopts PTFE/EPDM seals and is operated by metal hand wheel. It is cost-effective and easy to operate.

PV-2 sanitary sampling valve adopts hard-metal seals and can be used for abrasive product sampling. It is operated by plastic hand wheel, and both angle and straight type structures are available.

Technical Data

Metal material	Product wetted	316L (DIN-1.4404)
	Non-product wetted	304 (DIN-1.4301) or PPS
	We can provide EN 10204 3.1B certificate.
Seal material	Standard	PTFE/EPDM (PV-1), Metal seal (PV-2)
	Options	PTFE/Silicone, PTFE/FPM (PV-1), PTFE (PV-2)
	All seal materials comply with FDA 177.2600.
Temperature	Continuous working temperature	-20°C ~ +135°C (EPDM)
Temperature	Sterilization temperature	150°C (Max 20min)
Pressure	Working pressure	0~10bar
Surface treatment	Internal surface	Ra≤0.8µm
Surface treatment	External surface	Shot blasting
Connection	Connection methods: welding, thread, clamp

sanitary safety valve

2010-11-06T06:22:00.000-07:00

Applications
AQ3 sanitary safety valve is a sanitary stainless steel safety valve, with safety design for equipment protection. It is installed in the discharge pressure loop in order to protect pipelines, pumps, fittings, and tanks, etc.. It is widely used in food, beverage, diary, pharmaceutical and beer industries.

Operating Principle
AQ3 sanitary safety valve calibrates a specific pressure by adjusting the gland nut of the spring. Calibration pressure is a maximum safe pressure value fixed in order to avoid equipment damage. Under normal working pressure, the valve is closed. When the pressure in the pipe system exceeds the calibration pressure, the valve is open. Thus, the pressure in the pipe system is discharged and the pipeline and equipment are protected.

AQ3 sanitary safety valve is operated by a handle. AQ3-1 series is an improved version of the AQ3 sanitary safety valve. It is equipped with a pneumatic actuator, which is convenient to carry out CIP cleaning to safety valve and pipelines.

AQ3 sanitary safety valve is a more specialized valve, and it has been checked strictly before delivery. In order to ensure conformity to the actual operation conditions, please check the valve on-site if possible.

Correct Installation Method

Technical Data

Metal material	Product wetted	304L/316L (DIN-1.4307/1.4404)
	Non-product wetted	304 (DIN-1.4301)
	We can provide EN 10204 3.1B certificate.
Seal material	Standard	EPDM
	Options	Silicone, PTFE, FPM, NBR
	All seal materials comply with FDA 177.2600.
Temperature	Continuous working temperature	-20°C ~ +135°C (EPDM)
Temperature	Sterilization temperature	150°C (Max 20min)
Pressure	Base measuring pressure	0~3bar/0~6bar/0~10bar (According to the role of spring)
Pressure	Control air pressure	5~8bar
Surface treatment	Internal surface	Ra≤0.8µm
Surface treatment	External surface	Shot blasting
Connection	Connection standards	Welding end: DIN 11850 series 2
	Connection standards	Welding end: Inch pipe diameter standard
	Connection methods: welding, thread, clamp, flange

2010-11-06T06:18:00.000-07:00

Applications
Sanitary double-seat mix-proof valves are used for separating dissimilar products within the same valve body and preventing product contamination from other non-sanitary fluids. They are widely used in various food industries such as wine, dairy and beverage.

Operating Principle
FH6 and FH8 basic sanitary double-seat mix-proof valves are controlled by means of compressed air. The valve is a normally closed (NC) valve.

The sanitary double-seat mix-proof valve has two independent plug seals, forming a leakage chamber between them under atmospheric pressure during ordinary working condition. In case of accident or leakage, the product will flow into the leakage chamber and be discharged through the leakage outlet. This will not cause contamination or mixing. When the valve is open, the leakage chamber is closed. The product can then flow from one pipe to another. The valve can be cleaned by CIP system.

Aomi double-seat valve can be equipped with ZK3 smart controller, which can carry out remote control and real-time monitoring. It can also be equipped with position sensor.

Aomi double-seat valve can be equipped with Burkert 1066 controller by installing an adapter plate.

Technical Data

Metal material	Product wetted	316L (DIN-1.4404)
	Non-product wetted	304 (DIN-1.4301)
	We can provide EN 10204 3.1B certificate.
Seal material	Standard	EPDM
	Options	NBR, FPM, Silicone
	All seal materials comply with FDA 177.2600.
Temperature	Continuous working temperature	-20°C ~ 135°C (EPDM)
Temperature	Sterilization temperature	150°C (Max 20min)
Pressure	Working pressure	0~5bar
	Meeting high pressure requirement
	Control air pressure	6~8bar
Surface treatment	Internal surface	Ra≤0.8µm
Surface treatment	External surface	Shot blasting
Connection	Connection standards	Welding end: DIN 11850 series 2
	Connection standards	Welding end: Inch pipe diameter standard
	Connection methods: welding, thread, clamp, flange
Options	Smart controller	24V DC
	Smart controller	Solenoid valve (1 or 3)
	Position sensor	24V DC
	Position sensor	NPN/PNP position sensor (2 , 3 or 4)

Body Configurations

sanitary double-seat mix-proof ball valve

2010-11-06T06:15:00.000-07:00

Applications
QF6 sanitary double-seat mix-proof ball valve is a cost-effective mix-proof valve mainly used in food, beverage, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries, where mixtures of different media or materials contamination must be avoided. Meanwhile, the completely running through design of the valve chamber does not cause any fluid resistance. Therefore, the ball valve is the best choice for treating viscous fluid or fluid with particulates.

Operating Principle
QF6 Sanitary double-seat mix-proof ball valve is remote-controlled by compressed air. The double-seat sealing and non-resort device design avoid media mixing and retention. Meanwhile, after the valve is open or closed, the ball valve chamber can be sterilized.

Technical Data

Metal material	Product wetted	316L (DIN-1.4404)
	Non-product wetted	304 (DIN-1.4301)
	We can provide EN 10204 3.1B certificate.
Seal material	Standard	EPDM/PTFE
	Options	FPM/PTFE, HNBR/PTFE, Silicone/PTFE
	All seal materials comply with FDA 177.2600.
Temperature	Continuous working temperature	-20°C ~ +135°C (EPDM/PTFE)
Temperature	Sterilization temperature	150°C (Max 20min)
Pressure	Working pressure	0~16bar
Pressure	Control air pressure	5~8bar
Surface treatment	Internal surface	Ra≤0.8µm
Surface treatment	External surface	Shot blasting
Connection	Connection standards	Welding end: DIN 11850 series 2
	Connection standards	Welding end: Inch pipe diameter standard
	Connection methods: welding, clamp, thread and other common connection methods.
Options	Smart controller	24V DC
	Smart controller	Solenoid valve (1 or 2)
	Position sensor	24V DC
	Position sensor	NPN/PNP position sensor (1 or 2)

Working Conditions

HY2 sanitary constant pressure valve

2010-11-06T06:14:00.002-07:00

Applications
HY2 sanitary constant pressure valve is used in stainless steel pipe systems.

HY2-1 sanitary constant pressure valve maintains a constant pressure at the inlet port of the valve in the process pipe. It is used at the rear of separators, heat exchangers, and used as an overflow valve.

HY2-2 sanitary constant pressure valve maintains a constant pressure at the outlet port of the valve in the process pipe. It is used at the front of filling or bottling machines.

Operating Principle

HY2 sanitary constant pressure valve is remotely controlled by means of compressed air. The valve can be operated without a transmitter and requires only a pressure regulating valve for the compressed air and a pressure gauge in the product line. A diaphragm/valve stem system can quickly response to any pressure changes of the delivery products, and change the valve stem position accordingly in order to maintain the default pressure value.

HY2-1 sanitary constant pressure valve is open when the product pressure increases and vice versa. HY2-2 sanitary constant pressure valve is closed when the product pressure increases and vice versa. (The operating principle is shown as follows.)

Working Conditions

ZH4 sanitary check valve

2010-11-06T06:14:00.001-07:00

Applications
ZH4 sanitary check valve is used in stainless steel pipe systems to prevent backward flow of fluids.

Operating Principle
When the pressure of lower valve stem exceeds that of upper valve stem and spring force, ZH4 sanitary check valve is open. When the pressure of upper valve stem equals that of lower valve stem, ZH4 sanitary check valve is closed. Greater reverse pressure acting on the valve stem causes the valve to close.

ZH4 sanitary check valve has two configurations.

ZH4-1 sanitary check valve adopts clamp connection method. It is affordable and widely used in food industry.

ZH4-2 sanitary check valve consists of a thickened valve body and two flanges, which is easy to install and remove.

Correct Installation Method

sanitary butterfly-ball valve

2010-11-06T06:13:00.001-07:00

Applications
QF7 sanitary butterfly-ball valve is an automatically or manually operated sanitary butterfly valve. It's suited for various applications in stainless steel pipe systems. It is the best choice for treating viscous medium or medium containing particulate substance in the sanitary industries. It is mainly used in food, beverage, pharmaceutical and chemical industries.

Operating Principle
QF7 sanitary butterfly-ball valve can be manually operated by a handle or remote controlled by an actuator. It is characterized by simple structure and easy disassembly as butterfly valve. Meanwhile, it features less resistance, flexible opening and closing, wide application range and long lifetime. With the design of drainage device, the problem of medium remaining is reduced, which is very common in ordinary ball valve

Sanitary butterfly valve

2010-11-06T06:05:00.001-07:00

Applications
BV6 sanitary butterfly valve is a sanitary automatically or manually operated butterfly valve. It is well suited for various applications in stainless steel pipe systems.

Operating Principle
BV6 sanitary butterfly valve can be either remote-controlled by an actuator or manually operated by a handle.

The actuator has three standard types, namely normally closed (NC), normally open (NO) and air/air activated (A/A).

The actuator transforms the axial movement of a piston into a 90° rotation of a valve shaft. The torque of the actuator is increased when the valve disc in the valve body contacts the gasket of the butterfly valve, the valve is closed then.

The butterfly valve can be mechanically locked in open, closed, middle or other positions by selecting different manual handles to regulate the flow.

the airblow valve

2010-11-06T04:54:00.000-07:00

Application
The airblow valve is used for emptying liquids from pipelines or for agitating the contents of tanks by blowing air. Working principle Air is supplied to the airblow valve from a main buffer tank via a pilot operated solenoid valve. Pressure will then build up inside the airblow valve and the valve plug will open, delivering a current of air into the pipeline system or tank. After a certain time the solenoid valve will close. This reduces the pressure in the airblow valve and allows the spring to return the valve plug to its original position. This process will repeat itself at intervals, thus emptying the pipeline system of liquid or agitating the contents of the tank. Standard design The valve consists of an air cylinder, valve plug, spring, clamp and sight glass. The sight glass is situated at the lower part of the valve. The glass will indicate any leakage of liquid into the valve and this will then be discharged through a hole in the glass. The hole in the glass can also be used as an air-relief vent
.
Materials
Steel parts: Stainless steel AISI 304.
Valve plug: EPDM.
Sight glass: Polycarbonate.
Finish: Semi bright.

Technical data
Max. air pressure: 1000 kPa (10 bar).
Min. air pressure: 200 kPa (2 bar).
Starting opening of valve plug: » 80 kPa (0.8 bar).
Temperature range: 00C to + 1000C.

Non return valve LKC

2010-11-06T04:37:00.000-07:00

Application
Non-return valve LKC-2 is designed for use in stainless steel pipe installations to prevent reverse flow. Working principle Non-return valve LKC-2 opens when the pressure below the valve plug exceeds the pressure above the plug and the spring force. The Non-return valve closes when pressure equalization has been achieved. A higher counter pressure will press the Non-return valve plug against the seat. Standard design The valve body is in two parts, assembled by means of a clamp ring and hygienically sealed with a special seal ring. A guide disc and four legs guide the spring loaded valve plug with an O-ring seal. Non-return valve LKC-2 has welding ends for ISO or DIN connections. Materials Steel parts: Stainless steel AISI 304 or acid-resistant steel AISI 316L. Seal rings: EPDM rubber. Finish: Semi bright. Connections The valve is available with welding ends for tubes according to ISO and DIN 11850.

Technical data
Required differential pressure for opening the valve when fitted in a vertical pipe, as shown in fig. 3, is approx. 6 kPa (0.06 bar).
Max. product pressure: 1000 kPa (10 bar).
Max. temperature: 1400 C (EPDM).
Min. temperature: -100 C.

Plug Cock Actuator valve

2010-11-06T04:29:00.000-07:00

Application
The stainless steel plug cock Actuator valve is used in the food and chemical industries and in other installations where a hygienically finished closing device with minimum pressure drop is required. Standard design The plug cock Actuator valve is made of stainless steel AISI 304. The plug cock Actuator valve is designed for quick and easy operation. The plug is fitted with O-rings ensuring that no leakage occurs even if the screw cap is only partly tightened. The plug cock Actuator valve is available with male parts according to optional standards and also with liners, seal rings and nuts.On the three-way cocks the plug handle is positioned according to the appropriate standard, where applicable,

MH Actuator Valve

2010-11-06T02:47:00.000-07:00

Application
MH actuator valve is a manually or pneumatically operated valve, designed for use in the food, chemical, pharmaceutical and other industries where valves of sanitary design are needed. Working principle A PTFE shutter is operated by means of a handle or an actuator. A spring system presses the shutter against the inside cylindrical surface of the valve body thus ensuring complete tightness. The air actuated valve can be fitted with top units, LKT-N/LKT-S or a laterally fitted indication unit for remote indication of the MH Actuator valve position. The manually operated valve can be fitted with laterally indication units, used for LKLA actuators. valve The actuator for the valve comes in two versions, single acting or double acting. The single acting
actuator operates with one main piston whereas the double acting actuator valve operates with two main pistons. Standard design The valve consist of a rigid body with an internal cylindrical bore and 2 or 3 ports for pipe connection. The two lids have guide rings or bearings for an internal shaft which supports and positions the shutter. The stainless steel handle or the acuator is fitted to turn the shaft. The actuator consists a system of cylinders and one or two main pistons interconnected with a toothed bar which interacts with a gear wheel on the valve shaft. The system is insensitive to pressure shocks in the valve. The valve has welding ends as standard.

Keofitt Aseptic Sampling Valve

2010-11-03T08:31:00.000-07:00

Keofitt Aseptic Sampling Valve
Working principle
The Keofitt Aseptic Sampling Valve is designed for sterilization before and after each sampling.
Open valve: Sampling The manual valve is opened by rotating the handle (adjustable valve) or by activating the lever (on/off valve). The stem and the membrane are then retracted, allowing
liquid to pass. Closed valve: Sterilizing Using the reverse procedure the built-in spring closes the valve, keeping the channel between the hose pieces open for sterilization. If using steam a small pressure relief valve (optional) on the outlet is recommended. Standard design The Keofitt Aseptic Sampling valve consists of three parts, a valve body, a valve head and a membrane. The rubber membrane is placed on the stem of the valve head and works as a stretchable plug. The valve bodies and valve heads are interchangeable. The valve is available in two sizes:
- M4 valve for low viscosity products like water, beer, wine and liquid milk.
- W9 for high viscosity products like fruit yoghurt, syrup and ice cream. W9 valve is available
with micro ports, to enable sampling by hyperdermic needle.
The valve body is supplied with either welding end for tank, welding end for pipe, with clamp end or with thread.
Valve bodies:
Type T: Tank (welding).
Type P: Pipe (welding).
Type C: Clamp.
Type S: Socket (threaded).

Valve heads:
Type H: Turning handle.
Type K: Removable key.
Type Q: Quick lever.
Type N: Pneumatic.
The valve is authorized to use the 3A symbol.

LKBC-2 Butterfly Valve sanitary

2010-11-03T08:26:00.000-07:00

Application
LKBC-2 is a sanitary, manually operated butterfly valve which is used as a shut-off valve where there is a need for a valve easy to dismantle for cleaning and inspection, e.g. on farm milk tanks. Working principle The valve is manually operated by a handle. A disc closes against a rubber seal when the handle is at right angles to the pipeline.The disc is parallel to the product flow, when the handle is turned 900. The valve is then fully open. Standard design The valve body is made of two separate halves which are assembled by a clamp. A specially designed rubber seal is fixed between the two halves and a profiled disc closes against the seal. The LKBC-2 valve has a handle in stainless steel, which by the use of the standard locking cover ensures that the valve can be securely locked in the closed position.
Materials Steel parts : Stainless steel AISI 304.
Seal : Silicone (Q)
Finish : Semi bright.

Size
Welding end : 51 mm (2"), NW 50.
Male part : 51 mm (2"), NW 50, NW 40.

Sanitary Proportional-Controlled Valve with Positioner

2010-11-02T07:41:00.000-07:00

Sanitary Proportional-Controlled Valve with Positioner Valve body combinations
Application
SPC-1 is a sanitary proportional-controlled valve with positioner for use in stainless steel pipe systems. Typical applications of SPC-1 are control of pressure, flow, temperature, level in tanks etc. Working principle The valve is operated by means of compressed air. The valve is available with a normally open (NO) actuator/ positioner as standard but can be delivered with a normally closed (NC) actuator/positioner. SPC- 1 has few and simple moveable parts and is supplied with a positioner. The positioner maintains the valve in a position determined by the control instrument. An external IP converter is needed to change the electrical signals to pneumatic signals. Standard design SPC-1 consists of actuator, lip seal, plug, valve body and positioner. The valve is assembled by means of a clamp and a stem clip-system. The positioner is attached to the actuator with screws. The valve body has ends for welding as standard. Materials Product wetted steel parts : Acid-resistant steel AISI 316L.
Other steel parts : Stainless steel AISI 304.
Plug stem : AISI 316 with hard chrome plated stem surface.
Product wetted seals : EPDM rubber.
Other seals : Nitrile (NBR) or Fluorinated rubber (FPM).
Finish : Semi bright.

LKBC-2 butterfly valve

2010-11-01T07:53:00.000-07:00

LKBC-2 butterfly valve is a sanitary, manually operated butterfly valve which is used as a shut-off valve where there is a need for a valve easy to dismantle for cleaning and inspection, e.g. on farm milk tanks. Working principle The LKBC-2 butterfly valve is manually operated by a handle. A disc closes against a rubber seal when the handle is at right angles to the pipeline.The disc is parallel to the product flow, when the handle is turned 900. The LKBC-2 butterfly valve is then fully open. Standard design LKBC-2 butterfly valve body is made of two separate halves which are assembled by a clamp. A specially designed rubber seal is fixed between the two halves and a profiled disc closes against the seal. The LKBC-2 valve has a handle in stainless steel, which by the use of the standard locking cover ensures that the valve can be securely locked in the closed position. Materials Steel parts: Stainless steel AISI 304.
Seal : Silicone (Q)
Finish : Semi bright.

Size
Welding end : 51 mm (2"), NW 50.
Male part : 51 mm (2"), NW 50, NW 40.

LKB Valve specification

2010-11-01T07:47:00.000-07:00

Options Equipment
A) Male parts or clamp liners in accordance with required standard.
B) Top Unit LKT-N for position indication/control of compressed air.
C) Top Unit LKT-S for connection to LKM LINK or Satt Top® Control Systems.
D) Indication unit with micro switches.
E) Indication unit with inductive proximity switches.
F) Indication unit with Hall proximity switches.
G) Explosion proof indication unit with inductive proximity switches.
H) Prepared for ALTOP.
I) Bracket for actuator. (Also for ball valves).
J) Handle with two intermediate positions (standard on NW125 and NW150).
K) Handle with electrical position indication.
L) Handle with infinite intermediate positions (not NW125 and NW150).
M) Special cap for 900 turned handle position

Control Equipment butterfly valve LKB

2010-11-01T07:46:00.000-07:00

Control Equipment
The remote-controlled valve can be fitted with the LKM top units, LKT-N for indication and control of compressed air, LKT-S for connection to LKM LINK and Satt Top® Control Systems.
This valve can also be fitted with an indication unit which is laterally fitted on the bracket between the actuator and the valve. The indication unit is available with micro switches, inductive proximity switches or Hall proximity switches.

The buterfly valve LKB

2010-11-01T07:44:00.000-07:00

Standard design
LKB is available in three versions, LKB for ISO tubes, LKB-2 for DIN tubes and LKB-F for flange connection. The valve consists of two valve body halves, valve disc, bushes for the disc stem and seal ring. LKB-F also consists of two flanges and two flange seal rings. The valve is assembled by means of screws and nuts. Two actuator sizes, Ø85mm and Ø133mm, cover all valve sizes. The actuator is available in two versions, LKLA and LKLA-T. LKLA-T can be fitted with the top units LKT-N and LKT-S. The actuator is fitted onto the valve by means of a bracket and screws. (The actuator can also be fitted onto ball valves by means of special brackets). The handle for manual operation is fitted onto the valve by means of a cap/block system and a screw. The valve has welding ends as standard, but LKB and LKB-2 can also be supplied with fittings.

LKB Automatic or Manual Butterfly Valve

2010-11-01T06:30:00.000-07:00

LKB Automatic or Manual Butterfly Valve Application

LKB is a sanitary automatically or manually operated butterfly valve for use in stainless steel pipe systems. Working principle LKB is either remote-controlled by means of an actuator or anually operated by means of a handle. The actuator is made in three standard versions, normally closed (NC), normally open (NO) and air/air activated (A/A). The actuator is designed so that an axial movement of a piston is transformed into a 900 rotation of a shaft. The torque of the actuator is increased when the valve disc contacts the seal ring of the butterfly valve. The handle for manual operation mechanically locks the valve in its open or closed position. The handles for the valve sizes NW125 and NW150, which are designed for locking in two intermediate positions, enables adjusting of the valve, so that the flow rate can be regulated. Standard design LKB is available in three versions, LKB for ISO tubes, LKB-2 for DIN tubes and LKB-F for flange connection. The valve consists of two valve body halves, valve disc, bushes for the disc stem and seal ring. LKB-F also consists of two flanges and two flange seal rings. The valve is assembled by means of screws and nuts

The two-step valve from Alva laval

2010-11-01T02:49:00.000-07:00

The two-step valve is as standard supplied with a throttled opening of theoretically 2 mm for 38, 51 and 63.5 mm valves and 3 mm for the 76 and 101.6 mm valves. This opening can by means of the spacers be adjusted in steps of 1.5 mm up to max. 12 mm and 16 mm respectively.The valve is used for automatic twostep closing e.g. in connection with filling of a vessel where an exact volume is required. Ordering Please state "Two-Step" in the valve specification. Stronger Springs All standard actuators for SRC and ARC valves can be fitted with special springs about 35% stronger. Consequently the valves will withstand higher pressures against the valve plugs when closed by the springs.
For details of pressures etc. please see PD 65414 for SRC valves and instruction IM 70727 for ARC valves

Double-piston actuator SRC and ARC valves

2010-11-01T02:45:00.000-07:00

Double Piston actuator
For the SRC and ARC valves a double-piston actuator is available. With this actuator a stop valve NC can be converted into a two-step valve (metering valve) and a change over valve, NC or NO, into a three-position valve. For operating the valves a second connection for compressed air is required.
Two-step valve
In the two-step valve the valve plug can take up three positions, fully open, throttled and closed. The throttled position can be adjusted by means of spacers in the actuator.

Butterfly valve with electric actuator KZValve by KZCO, inc.

2010-10-30T20:29:00.000-07:00

Butterfly valve with electric actuator KZValve by KZCO, inc.

VALVE SPECS:
- Valve Body: Epoxy coated 3" cast iron butterfly, 3" Aluminum butterfly or 4"-5" cast aluminum butterfly valves.
- Disk and Stem: 316 SS
- 150 PSI MAX @ 70F (3")
- 50 PSI MAX @ 70F (4-5")
- Manual override capabilities
- EPDM, VITON®, BUNA seats available for varying applications, consult factory.

ACTUATOR SPECS:
- High quality, durable actuator housing rated: NEMA 6P for waterproof applications and NEMA 7D Ignition Protection applications
- 12/24 VDC and 24 VAC operation available
- Tough aluminum gear box with metal gears
- Actuator housing with "blank" lid
- Waterproof wire plug connectors
- Private labeling available

Consult our Engineering or Sales staff for application assistance. KZValve is ISO 9001:2008 certfied.

electric butterfly valve

2010-10-30T20:26:00.000-07:00

KZValve Butterfly valve and electric actuator with KZValve's EH5 Heavy Duty Actuator

VALVE FEATURES:
- Valve Body: Epoxy coated cast iron (2-3") Aluminum (4-5")
- Disk and Stem: 316 SS
- 150 PSI MAX @ 70F (2-3")
- 50 PSI MAX @ 70F (4-5")
- Manual override capabilities
- EPDM, VITON®, BUNA seats available for varying applications
match for most of the aplication

Hall proximity switch

2010-10-29T17:22:00.000-07:00

Hall proximity switch
The Hall prox. switches are also non-contact electronic switching elements. The sensor registers a magnetic field (north pole) and consist of a Hall element (a type of a transistor) matching part, an amplifier and an output part. The output signal is always on/off, digital and much quicker than the inductive switch or the micro switch. The Hall prox. switch is ideal for modern computer processing. NPN and PNP are two types of transistors. The difference is the composition of positive or negative semiconductive materials in hall proximity switch.

Inductive proximity switch

2010-10-29T17:20:00.001-07:00

Inductive proximity switch
This type of switch is a non-contact electronic switch. It consists of an oscillator which creates high frequency electromagnetic fields which radiate from the sensing face of the switch. Every approaching conductive metal (damping target) proximity switch causes a reduction of the electromagnetic field.
The result is a voltage change of the output of the oscillator. This analog signal can be changed by a Trigger circuit into an on/off signal and the output can be amplified in proximity switch.

Micro switch specification

2010-10-29T17:19:00.000-07:00

General description of different types of switches Micro switch
A micro switch can be compared with a standard light switch but in a very small size and light in weight, a so called subminature switch. It is activated mechanically by a roller leaf. Standard function is normally open (NO), normally closed (NC) and is always a digital signal (on/off). The features of an environment proof sealed subminature switch are: Small size and light in weight, with ample electrical capacity, precision operation and long life. The micro switch used in indication units is furthermore enclosed
within a corrosion-resistant aluminium housing to seal the switch contact and terminals against contamination.

Ignition switch

2010-10-24T07:48:00.000-07:00

Key Specifications/Special Features:

Suitable for Mercedes Benz
Main materials：Metal（Aluminium/Zinc）
Excellent and high-quality control.
Ignition switch for Automotive Electrical & Electronics

Canon EOS Digital Rebel XSi / 450D digital camera

2010-10-18T04:36:00.000-07:00

The Canon EOS Rebel XS / 1000D digital camera marks a break from Canon's norm. Newly introduced Rebel DSLRs are usually the most feature-filled and highest priced models in the line - the Rebel XS / 1000D (Kiss F in Japan) was not. In addition, the Rebel XS introduction was on July 8th - an unusual date for a Canon DSLR-related announcement.

At announcement time, I thought this new model made a lot of sense. At the rate people are upgrading to DSLRs, having a low-end model targeted at point and shoot users sounded very reasonable to me. Unfortunately, when the Canon EOS Rebel XS / 1000D hit the streets, the more-feature-filled price had fallen to only a small amount higher than the Rebel XS's initial street price. For that reason, the XS no longer made sense to me - at that time. I was recommending the XSi over the XS and didn't put the effort into writing a prompt review of the XS.

Canon EOS Rebel XS / 1000D is the latest top-of-the-model-line canon eos digital camera Taking the momentum from that effort along with new street prices, I am once again giving attention to the Canon EOS Rebel XS / 1000D. The current (as of this review) price of the Rebel XS Kit is $150 less than the similar XSi Kit. The XS model once again makes a lot of sense - it is now a good option for those wanting DSLR image quality and performance at a low price.

VOYAGER - A/C Condenser

2010-09-22T05:36:00.000-07:00

VOYAGER - A/C Condenser ACI A/C CONDENSER -- 30-1/2 in. x 7/8 in. x 17-3/16 in.; Parallel flow; Constructed with the finest combinations of materials; This premium condenser is guaranteed 100 percent jig fitted and leak tested for optimum performance.
Take pride in carrying greatest variety of maximum quality Chrysler Voyager a/c condenser and the lowest priced in the market. Shopping for Chrysler Voyager a/c condenser here in our secure website is an easy, worry-free and rewarding experience. When you buy from Auto Parts Train, you save yourself a lot because we get optimum quality Chrysler Voyager a/c condenser direct from manufacturers. We take pride in our extensive experience and impressive track record as a top Chrysler Voyager a/c condenser retailer.

Chrysler TOWN & COUNTRY - A/C Condenser

2010-09-22T05:34:00.000-07:00

The most complete line of original quality Chrysler Town & Country a/c condenser at very affordable prices. First class Chrysler Town & Country a/c condenser is one of our best-selling products, proof of its exceptional quality and reliability. You won't find a more satisfying and rewarding wholesale deal on Chrysler Town & Country a/c condenser anywhere on the web today

You can be confident that you are getting absolutely first-class quality Chrysler Town & Country a/c condenser from us. Get the most value from your money when you order our discount priced yet original quality Chrysler Town & Country a/c condenser.

ACI A/C CONDENSER -- 30.5 x 0.75 x 17.88 in.; Parallel flow type; Constructed with the finest combination of materials; This premium condenser is guaranteed 100 percent jig fitted and leak tested for optimum performance

Chevy CAMARO - A/C Condenser

2010-09-22T05:32:00.000-07:00

The cooling system came as a standard in your Chevrolet Camaro vehicle in order to provide you with more convenience and fun in your driving experience. Thus, taking great concern in keeping this system, always in great working capacity will ensure you of a comfortable ride ever, with your Chevrolet Camaro vehicle. When doing a regular inspection of your cooling system, make sure to include all of its sub-components to keep them free from any defects. And whenever you spot defects and damages to its sub component have it repaired immediately. One particular sub-component you should be aware of is the Chevrolet Camaro AC Condenser.

The AC condenser is a very significant sub-component of your vehicle�s cooling system, Found at the front of the radiator, it takes advantage of the cooler air which it used to cool the refrigerant. It provides comfort for the driver as well as to the passengers and it serves as your car�s ventilation especially during hot summer days. Also, in order for the air-conditioning system to function well, the AC condenser effectively keeps the refrigerant cool by emitting the heat that it produces. And when the refrigerant is effectively kept by the AC condenser to an enough temperature that your cooling system needs, the air conditioning system will function well, resulting to your most convenient and efficient ride of your vehicle.

Because of its useful and crucial function, it is a must to see that your Chevrolet Camaro AC condenser is at its great working state to achieve efficient function of your vehicle�s cooling system. Once it gets damaged, have it repaired immediately, or much better is to secure reliable replacement parts. Neglecting a damaged AC condenser to get replaced is very frustrating and costly. When your AC condenser fails to function well, especially when driving during hot temperature, you�ll be experiencing an uncomfortable and stressful ride with your Chevrolet Camaro vehicle.

When choosing the best replacement part for your Chevrolet Camaro AC condenser make sure to replace it with a high quality auto replacement parts. Only trust credible auto parts supplier, like Parts Train. Here, we have a huge stock of AC condenser available for your Chevrolet Camaro applications. Our AC condenser products come from reliable auto manufacturers so you�ll be assured of its optimum and high quality performance. Aside from that, our online services are available 24 hours a day so you can order and purchase your AC condenser need at your most convenient time. Also, our costumer care representatives are always available to assist you with your product selection.

FLEETWOOD - A/C Condenser cadilac

2010-09-22T05:28:00.000-07:00

FLEETWOOD - A/C Condenser

ACI A/C CONDENSER -- Parallel flow type; Constructed with the finest combinations of materials; This premium condenser is guaranteed 100 percent jig fitted and leak tested for optimum performance
Among the many Cadillac Fleetwood a/c condenser stores, we offer the best combination of very low prices and superb quality. Whenever you need an excellent quality Cadillac Fleetwood a/c condenser for your vehicle, our online store is ready to take your order. Featuring the best line of quality Cadillac Fleetwood a/c condenser, Train continues to be one of the most trusted auto parts dealers in the country

We have top of the line Cadillac Fleetwood a/c condenser, the best for your vehicle's exquisite refurbishment. Every discount-priced Cadillac Fleetwood a/c condenser we sell is guaranteed to meet the industry's high standards. There is no other automobile parts dealer that offers you the lowest prices on all exceptional quality Cadillac Fleetwood a/c condenser than us. We bank on our good reputation in the business so we always give you the best Cadillac Fleetwood a/c condenser and services.

BMW 325 - A/C Condenser

2010-09-22T05:25:00.000-07:00

BMW 325 - A/C Condenser

SILLA A/C CONDENSER -- A Top Of The Line Replacement Condenser That Is Engineered And Manufactured Under The Highest Quality Standards, Features 18-19 Aluminum Fins Per Inch That Provide Faster Results And More Efficient Cooling Compared To Other Products Available In The Market, Ensures A Cool Temperature For A More Comfortable Riding Experience, Painted With A Water-Based Semi-Gloss Enamel Which Is Highly Resistant To Peeling, Blocks And Fittings Are Milled By An Aircraft Parts Manufacturer To Tolerances Of %XA41/50,000 For Long-Lasting Durability, Metal Brackets Are Jet Coated With A Thick Layer Of Zinc For Superior Paint Adhesion, 100% Tested With High-Pressure Nitrogen For Unmatched Quality, Replaces OE Number 64 53 8 391 5

Acura Legend a/c condenser Car

2010-09-22T05:24:00.000-07:00

Refurbish your vehicle at less cost by installing our discount priced but topmost quality Acura Legend a/c condenser. We have been in this business for many years now catering best for all your Acura Legend a/c condenser needs. You will find in our online catalog a wide variety of first-rate quality Acura Legend a/c condenser and other offers

You get more value at less cost when you buy top caliber, inexpensive Acura Legend a/c condenser from us. Ordering Acura Legend a/c condenser has never been this easy; locate the part you need from our user-friendly catalog. Enjoy the lowest prices and biggest discounts on first-rate Acura Legend a/c condenser, only here at Auto Parts Train. If you want to save more of your money and still avail of first-rate quality Acura Legend a/c condenser, then buy from us. Wherever you are throughout the country, we can deliver your top-quality Acura Legend a/c condenser within a short reasonable time. We don't want to add up to your burden so we provide you with the lowest priced premium quality Acura Legend a/c condenser.

air conditioning system in your car failed

2010-09-22T05:14:00.000-07:00

Has your car?s air conditioning system failed again? You may not feel the effect of it in winter or during the colder periods of the year, but comes summer, you?ll feel rather hot, sticky and wretched inside your car. So if your car?s air conditioner is not working properly, you better give it a check now and determine which parts need to be prelaced.

One the indispensable parts that must keep working on your auto AC is the A/C condenser. You can easily locate this part if you?ll look under the hood of your car. The condenser is usually located in front of the radiator unless there have been a redesign in your car?s engine area. One must not mistake it, however, with the radiator as the two look closely similar.

The A/C condenser does much of the same job for your automobile air conditioning system as the radiator does for the engine cooling system. While radiators keep the water circulating through the engine cool, condensers keeps the refrigerant that is flowing through your car?s air conditioning system cool.

The condenser radiates the heat of the refrigerant, which is at most times a Freon gas, which was passed to it by the AC compressor, cools it and turns it into liquid form. The engine fan would usually aid in the cooling of the refrigerant, although an additional condenser fan would still be needed for front-wheel drive cars. The liquid refrigerant would still be warm but not as hot as the gas in the compressor. An expansion valve would further transform the liquid refrigerant into cold, gaseous form so that it could once again absorb the warm air inside your vehicle.

The A/C condenser is essential for the ventilation of your car?s interior, especially during hot summer days. So if the AC condenser of your car failed, you better buy a new one and install it in your car. Here at Parts Train, we have a variety of A/C condensers available for almost any make or model of car. Our condensers are carefully selected from the products offered by major auto AC condenser manufacturers. Every part that you?ll find here on our website is guaranteed of premium quality, as checked by our top inspectors. This would guarantee you that the auto A/C condenser you will be getting is in good working condition and would efficiently ventilate the interiors of your car.

Full stroke safety valve

2010-09-21T06:33:00.000-07:00

1. full stroke safety device
The sectional drawings show the internal construction of the two mainly used valve types. Safety valves are important safety devices and must prevent high excess pressures in the boiler. To ensure that they will operate reliably, they must be carefully maintained and the operating instructions strictly observed. Only type-tested safety valves must be used. With the full-stroke safety valve the required valve stroke is already reached at a 5% excess pressure. With such valves the opening takes place suddenly at the start of blow-off, also closing after pressure has dropped sufficiently.
2. Assembly instructions
The blow-off pipe run must be laid safely into the open. The pipe cross-section must be chosen so that no back-pressure occurs at full blow-off . The attachment must be made to ensure that occurring back-pressure forces can be safely absorbed. Even in the closed condition, no additional forces from the blow-off piping must act on the safety valve. Provide enough brackets on the blow-off pipe! The blow-off pipe must have a safe outlet and be safeguarded against freezing. The blow-off pipe must be provided at its lowest point with a drainage unit which cannot be shut off. Blow-off pipes of safety valves which are connected to water spaces must be provided with an expansion vessel and a water trap.
3. Setting
The response pressure setting is checked and lead-sealed by the inspector during the safety test. When setting the response pressure of a spring-loaded safety valve care must be taken that the taper does not turn at the same time. To prevent this, the spindle must be held tight when adjusting the spring compression screw. On completion of the pressure setting the spring compression screw must be secured.
4. Checking for easy movement
Safety valves must be checked at appropriate intervals for easy movement. To do this, the load on the taper must be relieved by raising the lifting lever, so that the valve opens at the existing operating pressure.

I007-Level transducer type SER 2

2010-09-21T06:32:00.000-07:00

The SER 2 level transducer is a compact device which works using the capacitive method of measurement. The level transducer can continuously measure filling levels in the defined measurement range in electrically conductive and non-conductive media.
The SER 2 level transducer has a transmitter integrated in the connecting housing and provides a level-proportional measurement current of 4-20 mA.
Capacitive filling level measurement methods are based on the principle of an electrical capacitor. If, between two condensate plates, the filling level of a dielectric changes, the current flowing through the plates also changes in proportion to the filling level. A dielectric is, by definition, an insulating substance, which does not include, however, many filling media, such as water. In order to obtain a usable measurement result nonetheless, the measurement rod that is dipped into the medium is completely insulated. After a 0-100% adjustment of the control electronics, the filling level can be read off, for example, at a remote display. The filling level measurement range can be changed during operation.

Pressure Transducer

2010-09-21T06:30:00.000-07:00

1. Gauge pressure transducer
The pressure of the measuring medium acts on the diaphragm. The bulging on the diaphragm, which increases with rising pressure, transmits via an amplifier a steady output signal in the form of a voltage or current.
2. Pressure differential pickup
From each of the two sides, different pressures act on a diaphragm. The higher of the two pressures causes the measuring diaphragm to bulge towards the side of the lower pressure. This generates via an amplifier a steady output signal in the form of a voltage or current.
3. Operating conditions
Perm. pressure see appliance rating plate
Perm. press. differential: see appliance rating plate
Perm. ambient temp.: 0 ... +70 °C
Perm. medium temp. at
the pressure connection: max. +70 °C
Perm. transport and
storage temperature: -60 ... +70 °C
Perm. ambient humidity: Class D
Perm. power supply DC 13-30V
Max. power consumption
(DIN 40040): 30 mA
Type of encl. (DIN 40050): IP 65

Water limiter electrode E4B

2010-09-21T06:28:00.000-07:00

The level limiter electrode E4B is, in combination with the switching amplifier B3 (see Operating Instructions H001), a level limiting devices of a "special design type". The combination of equipment recognises the minimum permitted water level LW (= low water) in steam and hot water generators.
The function of the level limiter device is based on the different conductivity of water and steam. When the level limiter electrode is immersed and removed, a bridge switching in the switching amplifier B3 is unbalanced. This signal is amplified and switches the output relay of the switching amplifier, which, with its contacts in the safety chain of the firing, triggers a fault shutdown.
The LW switching point is permanently set through the place of installation, location of the level limiter electrode and electrode rod length and can only be changed as described in Chapter 9 "Assembly".

If the level falls below the LW switching point or if the permitted monitoring current of the insulation monitoring is exceeded, then the light-emitting diode (LED) on the switching amplifier goes off, the relay in the switching amplifier returns to the starting position, and the firing is shut down due to a fault.
With steam generators, the level limiter electrode is installed in a protective pipe to avoid any dangerous incorrect operations as a result of foam formation in the boiler water (foam simulating water).
With hot water generators, it is usually installed in the supply flow adapter piece without any other protection.

low load control

2010-09-21T06:22:00.000-07:00

1. General
A low-load control unit is incorporated as standard in everyLoos Switchgear System for oil, gas or dual fuel boilers with 2-step, 3-step or continuously variable control.This control unit prevents unnecessary energy losses as well as alternating temperature stresses of the boiler.
2. Principle of operation
When the boiler is started up, switching to burner step 2 (3) Rotary knob (1) or to continuous burner control is prevented for a preset time of up to 5 minutes. After each control shutdown
and subsequent restart of the burner, this circuit functions analogously. The burner will therefore not perform uncontrolled ON/OFF switching with moderate steamr hot water requirement.
This results in lower pre-ventilation losses as well as reducing thermal stress on the boiler walls, particularly on the firing side.
3. Setting
The timer can be set as required to between 0 - 5 minutes (each scale division corresponds to 0.5 minutes). When putting the system into operation, it is recommended to set the rotary knob to scale value 3 (1.5 minutes delay). This value can be successively increased if no difficulties are encountered during operation as a result of an excessive pressure drop after normal shutdown. If, after a normal shutdown, the pressure in the consumers drops excessively, the setting of the rotary knob (1) must be reduced in small steps by turning it anticlockwise. The longer the delay time, the less energy consumption and the less boiler wear firing operation will entail. The luminous indicator N (green) indicates when voltage is applied to the time-lag relay. The luminous indicator R (red) light up when the delay time has elapsed.
4. Malfunctions
Pressure/temperature drop after control shutdown on the consumer too high:
Cause: Time-lag relay set to too long a delay.
Remedy: Reduce the rotary knob's setting in small steps by turning is anticlockwise.

people choose electric car

2010-09-19T08:36:00.000-07:00

Electric cars are not a new concept as we think, people hve been using them for a long time .In fact in the 1900's people used more electric cars than cars run on gas.In the 1920's when the popularity for cars was growing, gas was very costly.Starting a gas run car was also a very tedious process, there was no key to ignite the engine, in fact a rod used to fit into the front of the car which had to be turned round and round to get the car started.

Not only were gas run cars tedious to start , they emitted alot of smoke and were very noisy, as either the mufflers used were not good or there were no mufflers at all. Beleive it or not , at one point of time electric cars were so popular that there were about 50,000 electric cars running on the streets of United States .

As new discoveries were underway to make gasoline cheaper, electric cars started disappearing from the market. The discovery of the electric starter made way for the exit of the crank and the car was started with a key.A car run on gas could travel more distance than the electric car.Thus cars run on gas started getting more pouplar than the electric car.

Now, once again because of the awareness towards protecting the environment and reducing the dangers caused by the emission of the greenhouse gases " green " electric cars are once again getting
popularized.

Gasoline is not used to run an electric car, it runs on the energy stored in batteries in the car. 12,14 or more batteries may be needed to run the car.The operation of the electric car is similar to that a remote controlled one since both have an electric motor that turns the wheel and a battery that that runs the motor.

Charging of the batteries can either be done all night or some cars need to be plugged into a standard electric wall.There are some which need a large electric outlet, something like what is used for an electric stove or electric clothes dryer. These are the various ways electricity is stored in the cars.

The batteries used to run the cars have to be either lead acid batteries, similar to those used in torch lights or ni-cad (nickel-cadium) used to run portable viodeo recorders or video games , only much larger in size. A lot of work is going on to upgrade the batteries to hold more energy and last longer. By the time the fifth graders in 2001 are ready to drive we should have electric cars which will be able to travel 150 to 200 miles before needing to get recharged.

Manufacturers of cars and scientists are making constant endeavours to make better cars which will be more eco-friendly. The revival of electric cars and the challenge to make them more attractive is on in a big way and enticing more people to switch over to electric cars.

Retrieved from "http://www.articlesbase.com/environment-articles/electric-car-popularity-reasons-people-prefer-electric-cars-to-gas-cars-774709.html"

batteray in electic car

2010-09-19T08:24:00.000-07:00

Rechargeable battery materials used in electric vehicles include lead-acid ("flooded" and VRLA), NiCd, nickel metal hydride, lithium-ion, Li-ion polymer, and, less commonly, zinc-air and molten salt. The Lithium iron phosphate battery is currently one of the most promising electric vehicle battery variants due to its light weight, high specific energy, and lack of thermal runaway issues that have plagued laptop computer lithium-ion batteries. The amount of electricity stored in batteries is measured in ampere hours or coulombs, with the total energy often measured in watt hours.

Historically, EVs and PHEVs have had problems with high battery costs, limited range between battery recharging, charging time, and battery lifespan, which have limited their widespread adoption. Ongoing battery technology advancements have reduced many of these problems; many models have recently been prototyped, and a few future production models have been announced.

from: wikipedia

Acceleration and drivetrain design in electric car

2010-09-19T08:21:00.000-07:00

Electric motors can provide high power to weight ratios, and batteries can be designed to supply the large currents to support these motors.

Although some electric vehicles have very small motors, 15 kW (20 hp) or less and therefore have modest acceleration, many electric cars have large motors and brisk acceleration. In addition, the relatively constant torque of an electric motor, even at very low speeds tends to increase the acceleration performance of an electric vehicle relative to that of the same rated motor power internal combustion engine. Another early solution was American Motors’ experimental Amitron piggyback system of batteries with one type designed for sustained speeds while a different set boosted acceleration when needed.

Electric vehicles can also use a direct motor-to-wheel configuration which increases the amount of available power. Having multiple motors connected directly to the wheels allows for each of the wheels to be used for both propulsion and as braking systems, thereby increasing traction. In some cases, the motor can be housed directly in the wheel, such as in the Whispering Wheel design, which lowers the vehicle's center of gravity and reduces the number of moving parts. When not fitted with an axle, differential, or transmission, electric vehicles have less drivetrain rotational inertia.

When the foot is lifted from the accelerator of an ICE, engine braking causes the car to slow. An EV would coast under these conditions, and applying mild regenerative braking instead provides a more familiar response.

A gearless or single gear design in some EVs eliminates the need for gear shifting, giving such vehicles both smoother acceleration and smoother braking. Because the torque of an electric motor is a function of current, not rotational speed, electric vehicles have a high torque over a larger range of speeds during acceleration, as compared to an internal combustion engine. As there is no delay in developing torque in an EV, EV drivers report generally high satisfaction with acceleration.

For example, the Venturi Fetish delivers supercar acceleration despite a relatively modest 220 kW (295 hp), and top speed of around 160 km/h (100 mph). Some DC motor-equipped drag racer EVs, have simple two-speed transmissions to improve top speed.The Tesla Roadster prototype can reach 100 km/h (62 mph) in 4 seconds with a motor rated at 185 kW (248 hp).

Energy eficiency in electric car

2010-09-17T10:09:00.000-07:00

Internal combustion engines are relatively inefficient at converting on-board fuel energy to propulsion as most of the energy is wasted as heat. On the other hand, electric motors are more efficient in converting stored energy into driving a vehicle, and electric drive vehicles do not consume energy while at rest or coasting, and some of the energy lost when braking is captured and reused through regenerative braking, which captures as much as one fifth of the energy normally lost during braking.^[73]^[74] Typically, conventional gasoline engines effectively use only 15% of the fuel energy content to move the vehicle or to power accessories, and diesel engines can reach on-board efficiencies of 20%, while electric drive vehicles have on-board efficiency of around 80%.^[73]

Production and conversion electric cars typically use 10 to 23 kW·h/100 km (0.17 to 0.37 kW·h/mi).^[36]^[75] Approximately 20% of this power consumption is due to inefficiencies in charging the batteries. Tesla Motors indicates that the vehicle efficiency (including charging inefficiencies) of their lithium-ion battery powered vehicle is 12.7 kW·h/100 km (0.21 kW·h/mi) and the well-to-wheels efficiency (assuming the electricity is generated from natural gas) is 24.4 kW·h/100 km (0.39 kW·h/mi).^[76] The US fleet average of 10 l/100 km (24 mpg_-US) of gasoline is equivalent to 96 kW·h/100 km (1.58 kW·h/mi), and the Honda Insight uses 32 kW·h/100 km (0.52 kW·h/mi) (assuming 9.6 kW·h per liter of gasoline).^{[citation needed]}

The waste heat generated by an ICE is frequently put to beneficial use by heating the vehicle interior. Electric vehicles generate very little waste heat and resistance electric heat may have to be used to heat the interior of the vehicle if heat generated from battery charging/discharging can not be used to heat the interior. Electric vehicles used in cold weather will show increased energy consumption and reduced battery capacity and so decreased range on a single charge, for example the Mini E's range dropped by 30% in cold weather.^[77]

Capacitive Limit Detection

2010-09-17T00:51:00.000-07:00

To ensure that the Minicap operates safely and without electrical interference, it must be connected to ಎನ್ earthed silo with metal or reinforced concrete walls.
For silos made of non-conductive materials, the external earth wire of the Minicap must ಬಿ connected to ಅ conductive and earthed component which is earthed near to the silo. The protective earth can be connected to the internal earth terminal of the Minicap. Connections can be made with standard instrument cabling. See TI 241F/00/en for information on EMC (testing procedures, installation). Connect the potential matching lead (PAL) when using in dust explosion hazardous areas.

Measuring principle Limit Detection

2010-09-17T00:15:00.000-07:00

Limit Detection
A metal plate at the end of the probe, within the insulation, and the integrated counter-electrode together the surroundings combine to form the two electrodes of a capacitor. If the probe is covered or free of material, then the capacitance changes and the Minicap switches. Active Build-up . The Minicap detects build-up on the probe and compensates for its effects so that the switch point is accurate. The effects of build-up compensation depend on:
• the thickness of the build-up on the probe,
• conductivity of the material,
• the sensitivity setting on the electronic insert.
Setting the Sensitivity
The Minicap is so calibrated at the factory that it correctly switches in most cases. Greater sensitivity can be set using a multi-pole switch on the electronic insert. This is only necessary, however,if there is very strong build-up on the probe, or if the dielectric constant of the material is very small.

Minicap FTC260, ಟ೨೬೨, Compact switch for limit detection with active build-up

2010-09-16T23:42:00.000-07:00

Applications
Minicap is designed for limit detection of light ಬಲಕ್ solids, with a grain size up to max. 30 mm and ಅ dielectric constant εr ≥ 1.6, e.g. grain products, flour, milk powder, animal feed, cement, chalk or gypsum.
Versions:
• Minicap FTC260 (left): with 140 mm rod probe, with FDA listed for bulk solids and liquids
• Minicap FTC262 (right): with max. 6 m rope for bulk solids
• Relay output (potential-free change-over contact / SPDT) with AC or DC power
• PNP output with three-wire DC power
Your Benefits
• Complete unit consisting of the probe and electronic
insert:
– simple mounting
– no calibration on start-up
• Active build-up compensation
– accurate switch point even with heavy build on the probe
– high operational safety
• Mechanically rugged
– no wearing parts
– long operating life
– no maintenance
• The rope probe of the Minicap FTC262 can ಬಿ shortened
– optimum matching to the measuring point in the silo
– less stocks required

transmision

2010-05-22T07:44:00.000-07:00

Electrical transmission towers, more typically referred to as electrical pylons, typically support a range of power line solutions based on the construction of single, double and triple-tiered configurations. This multi-level approach allows commercial utilities to mix and match various kilowatt capacities depending on rural, semi-rural and urban power needs. The most basic of all configurations is the single-tiered "delta," or "cat's head" assembly, and to easily understand the basic parts of the structure, we will examine this setup.
"Delta" bases are constructed from a series of interconnected triangles, also known as lattices, made of steel or aluminum. These systems are characterized as being wide at the base, then tapering from the bottom up to the mid-point of the structure.
The "delta" head assembly is installed to produce a supporting structure that extends up and out from the mid-point of the base. When installed, the structure angles outward, and creates a triangular shape that exhibits the structure's more colloquial name, "cat's head." The point of the structure is to elevate and "hang" the powerline arms.
The powerline arms "hang" and connect high-voltage wire conductors to subsequent lengths. These conductors are connected to the arms by what are referred to as "insulators." These components eliminate the chance of touching or "shorting" the wires against the steel or aluminum tower

2009-03-06T07:17:00.001-08:00

Vacum pump for powder handling

2009-03-06T06:44:00.001-08:00

Principle of operation

These pumps work according to the rotary vane principle. An eccentrically installed rotor (8) rotates in the cylinder. The centrifugal force of the rotation pushes the rotor vanes (7), which glide in slots in the rotor, towards the wall of the cylinder. The vanes separate the sickle-shaped space between rotor and cylinder into chambers. When the chambers are connected with the inlet channel, gas is sucked in, compressed by the next rotation and pushed into the oil mist separator (1). The differential pressure constantly causes oil to be pressed into the compression chambers. The oil and the medium are then discharged into the oil separator and there separated from the exhaust air by gravity, a demister (12) and the discharge filter (9). The oil collects on the bottom of the oil separator and is then pushed into the compression chamber again (oil circulation). The oil-free medium is discharged through the discharge cover (10) into atmosphere.

Versions

Further pump descriptions state the nominal displacement and the design level:

Example:

RA 0800 B

RA = Ultimate pressure 0,5 hPa (mbar)

0800 = Nominal displacement = 800 m3/h

B = Design level

The RA version, if used constantly, requires an oil-return suction to be installed into the Bendplate. Operating pressure must be 300 hPa (mbar).

Principal options/ accessories

• Start relieve bypass

Bypass tube for the relieve at the start phase

• Oil level switch for the check of the oil level

• Heat exchanger oil-water as an additional cooler

• Gas ballast valve in cylinder covers (fan and/or motor side)

A gas ballast valve can be installed in cylinder cover at fan side. To increase the capacity of vapours, another gas ballast valve can be installed in the cylinder cover at the motor side. The valve can be open, or close the gas ballast during the operation of the pump In case of questions about the application and

Keystone Valve for flow control

2009-02-28T04:53:00.000-08:00

Universal Valve for controoling flow such as water, milk, and oil. aplication technology for Dairy factory. its recomended for special uage in high qality standart

Valve Operation from Goyen

2009-02-28T04:46:00.000-08:00

Mechanical Installation
The DD valves series valves allow the valve to be directly installed onto the inlet and outlet pipes without additional flange or pipe threads. Installation is achieved through compression nuts that provide an airtight seal. Valve must be independently restrained. These valves offer the same high performance as the "T" series valve with the same right angle construction. The valves may be operated either by integral pilot solenoid (CA models) or remote pilot solenoids (RCA models)
Typical Inlet Installation
The flange mount of the valve may be oriented to the pressure vessel as illustrated below.
Never mount the valve on the underside of the header or upside-down as this allows
the accumulation of moisture in the valve, which is detrimental to performance
Electrical Installation
To operate these main valve assemblies:
RCA versions should use Goyen pilot solenoid RCA3D, which can be electrically operated in a remote location.
CA versions are directly mounted with pilot operator.
* Refer to “Drawing Download” section for complete drawings and CAD downloads.

Operating Pressure Range all DD Valves
Maximum operating pressure 860 kPa (125 psi)
Recommended operating pressure 760 kPa (110 psi)
Minimum operating pressure30 kPa (5 psi)
Electrical Pulse times
Electrical "on time" ranges between 50 m sec to 500 m sec
Start-up Procedure for correct installation of GOYEN DD series valves ensure the following checks are satisfied:
ensure valves are fully secured in position
ensure dresser nuts are tightened to - 20nm (15 ft/lbs)
ensure blowtube is secured adequately to the valve outlet and reverse pulse filter wall.
the required air pressure has been applied to the header tank, ensuring compressed air is dry and free of particulates.
all joints around the valve installation do not leak air.
check the electrical connection at the remote pilot solenoid valve or on board the valve.
check valve exhaust outlet for adequate venting and noise suppression. in case of turbine applications, protection against particulate / vermin inclusions should be incorporated.
switch electrical control to continuous cycle and observe for several operating cycles. check for the correct valve opening sequence.
Fault Finding & Diagnostics, DD valve fails to open:
Check electrical signal to RCA or CA operator coil
Check for adequate air pressure and that it is present at inlet of the valve.
Check exhausts are free from obstructions
DD valve has resonance noise evident.
Check excessive silencer restriction in exhaust outlets
Check partial blockages of bleed paths
Check supply header capacity
DD valve fails to close
Check that pilot is closing
Check for blockages of bleed path
Check for diaphragm damage either in the membrane or seat
Schedule maintenance should be applied, however it is recommended that full inspection be
carried out within 2 years of service life.
RCA/CA operator kit K0380
Standard Coil kits Refer Coil Options
Diaphragm kits:
RCA/CA20DD k2000 Standard K2007 Viton
RCA/CA25DD K2501 Standard K2503 Viton
RCA/CA45DD K4502 Standard K4503

Pressure measurement priciples

2009-02-22T04:29:00.000-08:00

The determination of the magnitude of a fluid force applied to a unit area. Pressure measurements are generally classified as gage pressure, absolute pressure, or differential pressure.Pressure gages generally fall in one of three categories, based on the principle of operation: liquid columns, expansible-element gages, and electrical pressure transducers. Liquid-column gages include barometers and manometers. They consist of a U-shaped tube partly filled with a nonvolatile liquid. Water and mercury are the two most common liquids used in this type of gage. There are three classes of expansible metallic-element gages: bourdon, diaphragm, and bellows. Bourdon-spring gages, in which pressure acts on a shaped, flattened, elastic tube, are by far the most widely used type of instrument. These gages are simple, rugged, and inexpensive. In diaphragm-element gages, pressure applied to one or more contoured diaphragm disks acts against a spring or against the spring rate of the diaphragms, producing a measurable motion. In bellows-element gages, pressure in or around the bellows moves the end plate of the bellows against a calibrated spring, producing a measurable motion. Electrical pressure transducers convert a pressure to an electrical signal which may be used to indicate a pressure or to control a process. Such devices as strain gages and resistive, magnetic, crystal, and capacitive pressure transducers are commonly used to convert the measured pressure to an electrical signal.

The determination of the magnitude of a fluid force applied to a unit area. Pressure measurements are generally classified as gage pressure, absolute pressure, or differential pressure. Pressure gages generally fall in one of three categories, based on the principle of operation: liquid columns, expansible-element gages, and electrical pressure transducers. Liquid-column gages include barometers and manometers. They consist of a U-shaped tube partly filled with a nonvolatile liquid. Water and mercury are the two most common liquids used in this type of gage. There are three classes of expansible metallic-element gages: bourdon, diaphragm, and bellows. Bourdon-spring gages, in which pressure acts on a shaped, flattened, elastic tube, are by far the most widely used type of instrument. These gages are simple, rugged, and inexpensive. In diaphragm-element gages, pressure applied to one or more contoured diaphragm disks acts against a spring or against the spring rate of the diaphragms, producing a measurable motion. In bellows-element gages, pressure in or around the bellows moves the end plate of the bellows against a calibrated spring, producing a measurable motion. Electrical pressure transducers convert a pressure to an electrical signal which may be used to indicate a pressure or to control a process. Such devices as strain gages and resistive, magnetic, crystal, and capacitive pressure transducers are commonly used to convert the measured pressure to an electrical signal.

Pressure transducer

2009-02-22T04:25:00.000-08:00

Pressure transducer is An instrument component which detects a fluid pressure and produces an electrical, mechanical, or pneumatic signal related to the pressure.
In general, the complete instrument system comprises a pressure-sensing element such as a bourdon tube, bellows, or diaphragm element; a device which converts motion or force produced by the sensing element to a change of an electrical, mechanical, or pneumatic parameter; and an indicating or recording instrument. Frequently the instrument is used in an autocontrol loop to maintain a desired pressure.
Although pneumatic and mechanical transducers are commonly used, electrical measurement of pressure is often preferred because of a need for long-distance transmission, higher accuracy requirements, more favorable economics, or quicker response. Electrical pressure transducers may be classified by the operating principle as resistive transducers, strain gages, magnetic transducers, crystal transducers, capacitive transducers, and resonant transducers.
In resistive pressure transducers, pressure is measured by an element that changes its electrical resistance as a function of pressure. Many types of resistive pressure transducers use a movable contact, positioned by the pressure-sensing element. One form is a contact sliding along a continuous resistor, which may be straight-wire, wire- wound, or nonmetallic such as carbon.
Strain-gage pressure transducers might be considered to be resistive transducers, but are usually classified separately, They convert a physical displacement into an electrical signal. When a wire is placed in tension, its electrical resistance increases. The change in resistance is a measure of the displacement, hence of the pressure. Another variety of strain gage transducer uses integrated circuit technology. Resistors are diffused onto the surface of a silicon crystal within the boundaries of an area which is etched to form a thin diaphragm.
In magnetic pressure transducers, a change of pressure is converted into change of magnetic reluctance or inductance when one part of a magnetic circuit is moved by a pressure-sensing element—bourdon tube, bellows, or diaphragm.
Piezoelectric crystals produce an electric potential when placed under stress by a pressure-sensing element. Crystal transducers offer a high speed of response and are widely used for dynamic pressure measurements in such applications as ballistics and engine pressures.
Capacitive pressure transducers almost invariably sense pressure by means of a metallic diaphragm, which is also used as one plate of a capacitor.
The resonant transducer consists of a wire or tube fixed at one end and attached at the other (under tension) to a pressure-sensing element. The wire is placed in a magnetic field and allowed to oscillate. As the pressure is increased, the element increases the tension in the wire or tube, thus raising its resonant frequency

Pressure transducer

2009-02-22T04:22:00.000-08:00

Pressure transducer of An instrument component which detects a fluid pressure and produces an electrical, mechanical, or pneumatic signal related to the pressure.
In general, the complete instrument system comprises a pressure-sensing element such as a bourdon tube, bellows, or diaphragm element; a device which converts motion or force produced by the sensing element to a change of an electrical, mechanical, or pneumatic parameter; and an indicating or recording instrument. Frequently the instrument is used in an autocontrol loop to maintain a desired pressure.
Although pneumatic and mechanical transducers are commonly used, electrical measurement of pressure is often preferred because of a need for long-distance transmission, higher accuracy requirements, more favorable economics, or quicker response. Electrical pressure transducers may be classified by the operating principle as resistive transducers, strain gages, magnetic transducers, crystal transducers, capacitive transducers, and resonant transducers. In resistive pressure transducers, pressure is measured by an element that changes its electrical resistance as a function of pressure. Many types of resistive pressure transducers use a movable contact, positioned by the pressure-sensing element. One form is a contact sliding along a continuous resistor, which may be straight-wire, wire-wound, or nonmetallic such as carbon. Strain-gage pressure transducers might be considered to be resistive transducers, but are usually classified separately, They convert a physical displacement into an electrical signal. When a wire is placed in tension, its electrical resistance increases. The change in resistance is a measure of the displacement, hence of the pressure. Another variety of strain gage transducer uses integrated circuit technology. Resistors are diffused onto the surface of a silicon crystal within the boundaries of an area which is etched to form a thin diaphragm. In magnetic pressure transducers, a change of pressure is converted into change of magnetic reluctance or inductance when one part of a magnetic circuit is moved by a pressure-sensing element—bourdon tube, bellows, or diaphragm. Piezoelectric crystals produce an electric potential when placed under stress by a pressure-sensing element. Crystal transducers offer a high speed of response and are widely used for dynamic pressure measurements in such applications as ballistics and engine pressures. Capacitive pressure transducers almost invariably sense pressure by means of a metallic diaphragm, which is also used as one plate of a capacitor. The resonant transducer consists of a wire or tube fixed at one end and attached at the other (under tension) to a pressure-sensing element. The wire is placed in a magnetic field and allowed to oscillate. As the pressure is increased, the element increases the tension in the wire or tube, thus raising its resonant frequency.

Operating Element of pressure transmitter

2009-02-22T04:07:00.000-08:00

The digital display is delivered already mounted when it is ordered with the instrument. In this ase the digital display with the retaining ring must be removed before operating. If you want to order an digital display at a later date, then please observe the instructions in Section 6.3 "Mounting the digital display". Removing the display:
· Push up the latch with the arrow until the grip of the retaining ring on the electronic insert is heard to click.
· Loosen the retainer ring and lift off carefully to prevent the display cable from breaking.
· For reading the display during operation, plug the display onto the edge of the housing or let it hang down loosely by its cable next to the housing.

Function of the display

The digital display has two types of display:
· Display in measurement mode: This is shown as standard
· Display in calibration mode: This is shown after pressing the Zero or Span key once.
It returns automatically to measurement mode after 2 seconds.

Operation using Commuwin II

When operating using the Commuwin II display and operating program the Cerabar M is calibrated and operated:
· via an operating matrix or
· via the graphics operating mode.
The appropriate server (e.g. HART or ZA 672) must be activated. A description of the Commuwin II operating program is found in the operating manual BA 124F. Operating matrix The advanced functions of the Cerabar M can be accessed in this operating mode in the menu.
· Each row is assigned to a function group.
· Every field displays a parameter.
The calibrating parameters are entered in the appropriate fields.

Operating with the HART protocol via Universal HART Communicator DXR 271
When operating with the HART protocol an interactive menu operation derived from the matrix is used (see also the appropriate operating manual for the handheld terminal).
· The menu "Group Select" calls up the matrix.
· The bar lines display the menu headings.
· Parameters are set using submenus.

pressure transmitter measures from ndle Hauser

2009-02-22T03:11:00.000-08:00

The Cerabar M pressure transmitter measures the pressure of gases, vapours and liquids and is used in all areas of chemical and process engineering. Operating principle Ceramic sensor The system pressure acts directly on the rugged ceramic diaphragm of the pressure sensor deflecting it by a maximum of 0.025 mm (0.0098 in). A pressure-proportional change in the is measured by the electrodes on the ceramic substrate and diaphragm. The measuring range is determined by the thickness of the ceramic diaphragm.

Metal sensor
The process pressure deflects the separating diaphragm with a filling liquid transmitting the pressure to a resistance bridge. The bridge output voltage, which is proportional to pressure, is then measured and processed.

The complete measuring system consists of
· Cerabar M pressure transmitter with 4…20 mA signal output with superposed digital signal (HART communication) and power supply 11.5…45 VDC, in Ex area 11.5…30 VDC.

Operation can be carried out via:
· a digital display for operating and calling up measured values locally,
· the universal handheld HART Communicator DXR 275,
· the Endress+Hauser Commuwin II operating program.

electrical Connection
Transposed, screened two-wire cabling is recommended for the connecting cable. Max. wire diameter: 2.5 mm2 permanently attached cable The power supply voltage is:
· Non-Ex: 11.5…45 VDC
· Ex i area: 11.5…30 VDC
Internal protection circuits against reverse polarity, HF interference and overvoltage peaks (see TI 241F "EMC Guidelines"). A test signal can be measured using the terminal plugs for this purpose without interrupting measurement. Cable connection · Unscrew the cover
· If present, remove the retainer ring with analogue display. In addition:
– Push up the latch with the arrow until the grip of the retaining ring is audibly released.
– Loosen the retainer ring carefully to prevent the display cable from breaking. The plug of the display can remain plugged in.
· Insert the cable through the cable entry
· Connect the cable wires as shown in the connection diagram.
· Where appropriate, replace the retainer ring with analogue display. The grip of the retainer ring clips in with an audible click.
· Screw down the cover

Connecting the handheld terminal
· Do not replace the battery of the handheld terminal in the explosion hazardous area.
· For a Cerabar M with FM or CSA certificate: Electrical connection according to "Installation

drawing" (enclosed in the packing of the Cerabar M).
· For correct transmis sion of the communication signal, a minimum resistance of 250 W must be present between the connection points and the power supply. The Commubox FXA 191 connects the Cerabar M with a HART protocol to the RS 232 C serial interface of a personal computer. This enables the Cerabar M to be remotely operated with the Endress+Hauser operating program. The Commubox FXA 191 is used for intrinsically safe signal circuits.

2 portValve for flow control automation

2009-02-22T03:06:00.000-08:00

Gear Unit for transfering motor energy

2009-02-21T08:02:00.000-08:00

Mechanical Installation

Required tools / material

Set of spanners
• Torque wrench (for shrink discs, AQ motor adapter, input shaft assembly with centering shoulder)
• Mounting device
• Shims and distance rings, if necessary
• Fastening devices for input and output elements
• Lubricant (e.g. NOCO® fluid)
• Agent for securing screws, e.g. Loctite 243 (for input shaft assembly with centering shoulder)

Preliminary work

The output shafts and flange surfaces must be thoroughly cleaned of anti-corrosion agents, contamination or such like (use a commercially available solvent). Do not let the solvent come into contact with the sealing lips of the oil seals – material damage! Long-term storage of gear units.

Gear units of the “extended storage” type have
• a mineral oil fill (CLP) or synthetic oil fill (CLPHC) suitable for the mounting position so the unit is ready to run. However, you should still check the oil level prior to startup (see section "Inspection/Maintenance" / "Inspection/Maintenance work").
• a higher oil level with synthetic oil CLP PG). Correct the oil level prior to startup (see section "Inspection/Maintenance" / "Inspection/Maintenance work").

Installing the gear unit

The gear unit or geared motor must be mounted/installed in the specified mounting position on a level1, vibration-absorbing and torsionally rigid support structure (Spiroplan® gear units are not dependent on mounting position). Do not tighten housing legs and mounting flanges against each other and pay attention to the approved overhung and axial loads
Use only bolts of 8.8 quality for installation of the geared motors, Use bolts of 10.9 quality for fastening of flanges to transmit the rated torques listed in the catalog for the following helical geared motors in flange design (RF..) and in foot/ flange version (R..F):
• RF37, R37F with flange-Æ 120 mm
• RF47, R47F with flange-Æ 140 mm
• RF57, R57F with flange-Æ 160 mm
At this point of assembly, please check that the oil filling is as prescribed for the mounting position (see "Lubricants" / "Lubricant fill levels" or data on nameplate). In case of mounting position change, adjust lubricant filling quantities accordingly. Please consult our service department, if the mounting position for K gear units is changed to M5 or M6 or within these mounting positions. Please consult our service department, if the mounting position of S units in sizes S47 ... S97 is to be changed to mounting position M2. Use plastic inserts (2 – 3 mm thick) if there is a risk of electrochemical corrosion between the gear unit and the driven machine (connection between different metals such as cast iron and high-grade steel)! Also fit the bolts with plastic washers! Ground the housing additionally – use the grounding bolts on the motor. Installation in damp areas or in the open Gear units are supplied in corrosion-resistant versions for use in damp areas or in the open air. Any damage to the paintwork (e.g. on the breather valve) must be repaired.

No ventilation is required for R17, R27 and F27 gear units in mounting positions M1, M3, M5 and M6 as well as Spiroplan® W gear units. All other gear units are delivered by SEW ready for the mounting position with the breather valve and transport fixture fitted.
Exceptions:
Gear units for long-term storage, in pivoting or inclined mounting positions are supplied with a screw plug installed in the provided vent hole. Prior to startup, the customer must replace screw plug at the highest location by the supplied breather valve.
• With geared motors for long-term storage, pivoting or inclined mounting positions, the supplied breather valve is located in the motor terminal box.
• With gear head units that have to be vented on the input side, the breather valve is supplied in a plastic bag.
• No breather valve will be supplied for gear units in enclosed design. Activating the breather valve
Usually the breather valve is activated in the plant. Should this not be the case, the transport fixture must be removed from the breather valve prior to the startup of the gear unit!

Principles of Operation for the Metal Detector

2009-02-21T04:41:00.000-08:00

Safeline detectors utilise a low power, high frequency, magnetic field coil system which has the ability to sense minute disturbances created by metal particles. A metal particle passing through the aperture of the detector will create changes in the magnetic field inside the detector. The changes in the magnetic field will generate electrical signals in the coil system which can be characterised by the parameters Phase and Amplitude. The amplitude/size of the signal is related to the size of the metal particle passing through the field, the larger the metal particle the greater the amplitude of the signal. Different types of metal generate signals which differ in phase angle. The term phase angle is a comparative term and is a measurement of phase relationship relative to some reference Vibration Signals Great care is taken in the design and manufacture of the Safeline detectors to minimise the effect of vibration on the performance of the detectors. However mechanical disturbances do create vibration signals from the coil system. Vibration signals can be represented in the same way as signals generated by metal particles i.e. a signal with amplitude and phase. The vibration signal is used as a reference when comparing the phase angle of signals from the coil system. For example, if we say stainless steel has a particular value of phase angle, the phase angle is the angle relative to vibration. Reasons for selecting vibration as the reference phase will become apparent. Product Effect Metal detectors are used to inspect all types of products e.g. food pharmaceuticals, plastics, chemicals and many others. Some products exhibit a ‘product effect’ i.e. the product itself generates a signal in the same way as a metal particle. This results from the bulk conductivity of the product at high frequency. For most products, usually dry products, the product effect is negligible. Wet or moist products, e.g. meat, sauces, soups etc. generate a large product effect signal which will influence the effective operating sensitivity of the detector. Product effect signals can be represented diagramatically as a signal with amplitude and phase in the same manner as the signals from metallic particles.
Phase Control
The Safeline metal detector contains a phase control circuit which discriminates between the wanted signals from metal particles and the unwanted signals from vibration and product effect, i.e. it maximises the detectors response to metal particles whilst minimising the effects of the unwanted signals. Probably the simplest way of reducing the vibration or product effect signals would be to adjust the sensitivity control. However, the sensitivity control would reduce the sensitivity to all signals, metallic signals, vibration and product signals alike. What is required is a more selective adjustment that will discriminate between different signals. The phase control does this, it selectively reduces the signals from vibration and product effect with minimal effect on the metallic signals. A comparison can be made with a domestic Hi-Fi system. The volume control of the Hi-Fi increases or decreases the amplitude of all signals just like the metal detector sensitivity control. The bass control of the Hi-Fi selectively controls the low frequency notes only. This is similar to the phase control circuit, however the phase control circuit in a Safeline metal detector is very much more selective.
The characteristic of the phase control circuit. This shows the position of the phase control aligned to minimise the unwanted vibration signal. All signals which break through the phase control characteristic (the shaded area) will trigger the detector. From this it can be seen that the amplitude of the unwanted vibration signal would have to be increased to trigger the detector. It can be seen from Fig 2 that the phase control characteristic masks off some of the ferrous signal and has a minimal effect on the Non Ferrous/Stainless Steel signals

petunjuk pemilihan kapasitor bank

2009-02-14T19:39:00.000-08:00

Sebelum melakukan pemilihan dan instalasi unit kapasitor ke jaringan listrik, sangat dianjurkan mengamati terlebih dahulu besarnya harmonik agar unit kapasitor yang terpasang nantinya memiliki masa kerja yang lama. Penentuan bank kapasitor ditentukan sebagai berikut:

Contoh pemilihan kapasitor
Untuk harmonik dengan kriteria G/Sn = 25% - 60%, ABB menggunakan faktor detuned reactor p = 7% yang memiliki frekwensi resonansi pada 189 Hz. Saat detune reactor dan kapasitor terpasang ke jaringan, maka tegangan yang terukur pada kapasitor (Uc) akan menjadi :
Uc = Un / (1 - p) dimana Un = tegangan nominal fasa ke fasa

Contoh 3 :
Diketahui bahwa suatu perusahaan menginginkan kompensasi faktor daya menjadi 0.98. Datadata yang dapat dihimpun adalah cos phi awal 0.7, Un = 400 VAC dan arus incoming maksimal yang terukur, Ib adalah 1000 A dengan G/Sn=30%. Tentukan kapasitor yang diperlukan untuk kompensasi ini.
Jawaban 3 :
P = √3 x Un x Ib x cos phi = 1.73 x 400 x 1000 x 0.7 = 484.4 kW
Qc = P (tg phi awal - tg phi target) lihat hal 8-2.
= 484400 x 0.82 = 397.2 kVAR ~ 400 kVAR
~ 400 kVAR ===> 50 kVAR x 8 step
Uc = 400 / ( 1 - 0.07 ) = 430 VAC
Dengan safety margin (SF) sebesar 20%, maka unit kapasitor per stepnya harus dinaikkan tegangannya sebesar 20%, sehingga menjadi :
Ucs = 1.2 x Uc = 1.2 x 430 = 516 VAC ~ 525 VAC
Dari halaman 8-9 pada tabel detuned reactor, untuk kapasitor 50 kVAR pada tegangan 400 VAC, maka identik dengan kapasitor 80 kVAR pada tegangan 525 VAC. Sehingga kapasitor yang dibutuhkan adalah 80 kVAR pada tegangan 525 VAC x 8 step.

Contoh 4 :
Diketahui bahwa suatu perusahaan menginginkan kompensasi faktor daya menjadi 0.98. Datadata yang dapat dihimpun adalah cos phi awal 0.7 kemudian Un = 400 VAC dan arus incoming maksimal yang terukur adalah 1000 A dengan G/Sn=20 %. Tentukan kapasitor yang diperlukan untuk kompensasi ini.
Jawaban 4 :
P = √3 x Un x I x cos phi = 1.73 x 400 x 1000 x 0.7 = 484.4 kVA
Qc = P (tg phi awal - tg phi target) lihat hal 8-2.
= 484400 x 0.82 = 397.2 kVAR ~ 400 kVAR
~ 400 kVAR ===> 8 step x 50 kVAR
Sesuai dengan ketentuan, untuk G/Sn = 20 %, maka unit kapasitor yang digunakan harus dinaikkan tegangannya pada 460 V. Dari halaman 8-7 pada tabel 460 VAC - 50 Hz, untuk kapasitor 50 kVAR pada tegangan 400 VAC, maka identik dengan kapasitor 70 kVAR pada tegangan 460 VAC. Sehingga kapasitor yang dibutuhkan adalah 70 kVAR pada tegangan 460
VAC x 8 step.

Kompensasi energi reaktif

2009-02-14T18:52:00.000-08:00

1. Metode perhitungan
Kebutuhan unit kapasitor dapat ditentukan dengan rumusan berikut :
Qc = P (tan phi awal - tan phi target)
dimana : P = daya aktif (kW)
Qc = unit kapasitor yang dibutuhkan (kVAR)
Besarnya (tan phi awal - tan phi target) dapat dilihat pada tabel konversi
Contoh 1 :
Diketahui bahwa suatu perusahaan menginginkan kompensasi faktor daya menjadi 0.98. Data data yang dapat dihimpun adalah cos phi awal 0.7, Un = 400 VAC dan arus maksimal Ib yang
terukur di sisi incoming adalah 1000 A. Tentukan kapasitor yang diperlukan untuk kompensasi
ini.
Jawaban 1 :
P = √3 x Un x Ib x cos phi = 1.73 x 400 x 1000 x 0.7 = 484.4 kW
Qc = P (tg phi awal - tg phi target)
= 484400 x 0.82 = 397.2 kVAR ~ 400 kVAR
~ 400 kVAR
Jadi unit kapasitor yang dibutuhkan adalah 50 kVAR x 8 step.
2. Metode kwitansi tagihan listrik
Metode ini memerlukan kecermatan pencatatan jam operasi pabrik per harinya, serta membaca
rincian data yang ada pada rekening listrik seperti besarnya LWBP (Luar Waktu Beban Puncak),
WBP (Waktu Beban Puncak, 18.00 - 22.00) dan faktor meter.
Besarnya unit kapasitor yang terpasang ditentukan oleh rumus berikut ini :
Qc = {kVARh total - (tan phi target x kWh total)} / jam operasi sebulan

contoh 2
Meter Akhir Yang lalu Faktor kali
LWBP 9967 9850 4000
WBP 1147 1124
kVARh 6509 6408 4000

Jawaban 2 :
P = {(LWBP akhir - LWBP yang lalu) + (WBP akhir - WBP yang lalu) x faktor kali meter
= {(9967 - 9850) + (1147-1124)} x 4000
= 560000 kWh
Q = (kVARh akhir - kVARh yang lalu) x faktor kali meter
= (6509 - 6408) x 4000
= 404000 kVARh
tan phi = Q / P = 560000/404000
= 1.386 ===> cos phi = 0.58 (lihat tabel konversi hal. 8-2)
Jam operasi = 24 jam / hari x 25 hari / sebulan = 600 jam
cos-1 phi (0.98) = tan-1 phi (0.2)
Qc = {404000 - (0.2 x 560000)} / 600
= 486 kVAR ~ 500 kVAR
Jadi unit kapasitor yang dibutuhkan adalah 50 kVAR x 10 step.

3. Metode estimasi dari daya nominal transformer yang terpasang
Metode ini mengasumsikan bahwa transformer dibebani prosentasi dari kapasitas daya nominal
transformer (Sn), dengan cos phi awal dari 0.7 dan cos phi target adalah 0.99, maka besarnya unit kapasitor (Qc) yang dibutuhkan dapat dilihat pada tabel berikut :

Daya trafo, Sn Estimasi beban penuh
[kVA] 50% 65% 80% 90%
160 50 70 80 90
250 80 100 120 140
315 100 120 150 180
400 120 160 200 230
500 150 200 250 300
630 200 250 300 350
800 250 325 400 450
1000 300 400 500 600
1250 400 500 620 700
1600 500 650 800 900
2000 600 800 1000 1150
2500 800 1000 1250 1400

Contoh :
Untuk transformer 1000 kVA yang dibebani 80% dari kapasitas maksimalnya, maka untuk
mengkoreksi faktor daya dari 0.7 menjadi 0.99 membutuhkan bank kapasitor sebesar 500 kVAR.

Kapasitor CLMD dari ABB terdiri dari sejumlah elemen yang digulung yang terbuat daribahan metallized polypropylene film. Gulungan kering ini dilengkapi dengan pemutus terangkai yang menjamin bahwa setiap elemen tahan dan terputus dari rangkaian di akhir masa kerjanya. Setiap gulungan ditempatkan dalam wadah plastik dan dicor dengan resin yang dipanaskan untuk memperoleh elemen tertutup yang sempurna.

suplai daya yang dibutuhkan tegangan dan frekwensi. Kotak besi tersebut diisi dengan dengan bahan anorganik, lembab dan butiran tahan panas untuk menyerap energi yang dihasilkan atau untuk memadamakn nyala api saat terjadi kerusakan di akhir masa elemen. Unit kapasitor CLMD diberikan dengan penyama panasuntuk menjamin disipasi panas efektif.
Desain jenis kering - tidak ada resiko kebocoran Kapasitor CLMD mempunyai bahan dielektrik jenis kering sehingga tidak ada resiko kebocoran atau polusi ke lingkungan. Rugi-rugi yang kecil
Rugi-rugi dielektrik kurang dari 0.2 watt per kVAR. Rugi-rugi keseluruhan termasuk resistor pembuang muatan kurang dari 0.5 watt per kVAR. Tahan lama - pemulihan sendiri (self healing) Saat terjadi gangguan yang terbentuk pada dielektrik kapasitor, elektroda yang berlapis logam yang berdekatan dengan lokasi gangguan segera menguap dan mengisolasi gangguan. Kemudian kapasitor bekerja secara normal lagi.

Proteksi terhadap api
Semua elemen kapasitor CLMD dikelilingi oleh bahan vermiculite, yaitu suatu bahan anorganik, lembam, tahan api dan material butiran kecil-kecil yang tidak beracun.Saat terjadi gangguan, bahan vermiculite ini dengan aman menyerap energi yang dihasilkan dalam kotak kapasitor dan
memadamkan kemungkinan terjadinya nyala api. Pemutus terangkai unik Sistem pemutus terangkai unik menjamin bahwa setiap elemen dapat diputuskan dari rangkaian pada akhir masanya. Mudah dipasang - ringan Kapasitor CLMD sangat ringan, sehingga tidak menyulitkan waktu pemasangan. Ketahanan yang handal Kapasitor CLMD mengacu ke standar IEC 831-1 & 2, dan standar internasional lainnya. Penggunaan terminal yang kokoh sebagai pengganti ring (bushing) porselin yang mudah retak sehingga resiko rusak saat pemasangan dapat dihindari, dan mengurangi kebutuhan perawatan. Keamanan Pelindung panas dipasang di sekitar setiap elemen kapasitor dan memberikan disipasi panas efektif. Kapasitor CLMD dilengkapi dengan resistor pembuang muatan.

Relay proteksi Motor

2009-02-14T05:58:00.000-08:00

Relai proteksi motor dengan thermistor digunakan untuk mengontrol motor yang terpasang sensor resistor PTC. Sensor temperatur dimasukkan ke dalam belitan stator dan mengukur langsung panas motor. Kontrol langsung dijamin di bawah kondisi operasi berikut ini:
􀂄 kerja berat
􀂄 frekwensi switsing tinggi
􀂄 fase tunggal
􀂄 suhu ambien tinggi
􀂄 pendinginan tidak mencukupi
􀂄 pengereman motor
􀂄 ketidakseimbangan arus
Relai ini lepas dari arus nominal motor dan metode pengasutan motor. Sensor resistor PTC dihubungkan secara seri dengan terminal Ta dan Tb. Jumlah sensor resistor PTC dibatasi oleh jumlah individu resistor sensor PTC.

RG = R1 + R2 + RN < 1.5 kohm

Di bawah kondisi operasi normal, nilai resistansi di bawah nilai respon. Bila ada salah satu resistor PTC panas berlebihan, maka keluaran relai akan OFF. Setelah dingin, keluaran relai akan ON lagi secara otomatis, bila autoreset dikonfigurasi. Relai yang dilengkapi konfigurasi tombol tekan di depan atau remote reset harus dikontrol melalui masukan kontrol dengan sinyal yang dibutuhkan. Kemungkinan aplikasi lebih lanjut: Monitor temperatur perlengkapan yang dipasang dengan sensor resistor PTC, antara lain:
􀂄 bantalan mesin giling
􀂄 ventilator udara panas
􀂄 oli
􀂄 udara
􀂄 instalasi pemanas

Informasi umum temperature termistor
Sensor temperatur thermitor - PTC (Positive TemperatureCoefficient) harus dipilih oleh pabrik motor tergantung pada:
􀂄 klas isolasi motor IEC 34-11
􀂄 kategori penggunaan motor
􀂄 karakteristik khusus motor seperti penampang penghantar belitan faktor beban lebih yang
diijinkan, dan lain-lain
􀂄 kondisi tertentu yang dijelaskan oleh pemakai, seperti suhu ambien yang diijinkan, resiko akibat rotor terkunci, beban lebih yang diijinkan Satu sensor temperatur harus ditanam di setiap fase belitan motor. Untuk kasus motor sangkar tupai 3 fase, tiga buah sensor harus ditanam di belitan stator. Demikian 3 sensor ini dapat pula digunakan untuk motor dengan dua kecepatan dengan 1 belitan (koneksi Dahlander)
Sensor temperatur thermitor - PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) harus dipilih oleh pabrik motor tergantung pada:
􀂄 klas isolasi motor IEC 34-11
􀂄 kategori penggunaan motor
􀂄 karakteristik khusus motor seperti penampang penghantar belitan faktor beban lebih yang
diijinkan, dan lain-lain
􀂄 kondisi tertentu yang dijelaskan oleh pemakai, seperti suhu ambien yang diijinkan, resiko akibat rotor terkunci, beban lebih yang diijinkan Satu sensor temperatur harus ditanam di setiap fase belitan motor. Untuk kasus motor sangkar tupai 3 fase, tiga buah sensor harus ditanam di belitan stator. Demikian 3 sensor ini dapat pula digunakan untuk motor dengan dua kecepatan dengan 1 belitan (koneksi Dahlander).

Daya dan arus nominal motor

2009-02-02T06:28:00.000-08:00

Aplikasi
Kontaktor A 9 ... A 110 terutama digunakan untuk mengontrol motor 3 fase, dan umumnya mengontrol rangkaian daya sampai 690 VAC / 1000 VAC atau 220 VDC / 440 VDC. Kontaktor dapat juga digunakan untuk banyak aplikasi seperti isolasi, switsing kapasitor dan penerangan.
Penjelasan
􀂄 Kontaktor A 9 ... A 110 dengan kontak bantu 1 tumpukan:
􀂆 3 kutub utama
􀂆 termasuk 1 buah kontak bantu
􀂆 kontak bantu dapat dipasang di depan dan di samping
􀂄 Kontaktor A 50 ... A 110:
􀂆 3 kutub utama
􀂆 kontak bantu dapat ditambahkan di depan dan di samping
􀂄 Rangkaian kontrol: dioperasikan secara AC dengan
rangkaian magnet terlaminasi.
􀂄 Lengkapan: tersedia berbagai lengkapan.
􀂄 Kontaktor A 9 ... A 40 dengan kontak bantu 2 tumpukan:
􀂆 tumpukan 1 dengan 3 kutub utama dan termasuk 1 buah
kontak bantu
􀂆 tumpukan 2 termasuk 2 buah kontak bantu
􀂆 dapat ditambahkan kontak bantu di samping

2009-02-02T05:42:00.000-08:00

Produk MCCB dari ABB SACE terdiri dari 2 seri, yaitu Tmax dan Isomax S. MCCB keluarga Tmax terbagi dalam 3 versi, yaitu T1, T2 dan T3 dengan arus layanan tak terinterupsi dari 160 A sampai dengan 250 A, dan kapasitas pemutusannya bervariasi dari 16 kA sampai dengan 70 kA. Untuk keluarga MCCB Isomax S terbagi dalam 7 versi, yaitu S1, S2, S3, S5, S6, S7 dan S8 dengan arus nominal tak terinterupsi dari 125 A sampai dengan 3.200 A, dan kapasitas pemutusannya sampai dengan 85 kA. Semua seri MCCB tersedia dalam jenis tetap (fixed), jenis tusuk (plug-in) dan jenis tarik (withdrawable).
Berikut dengan aksesoris yang sangat lengkap seperti: pelepas shunt trip, pelepas undervoltage, kontak bantu, handel putar, terminal koneksi dari depan dan belakang, plat interlok dan mekanisme operasi motor (solenoid operator) untuk kendali secara jarak jauh. MCCB dari ABB SACE dapat digunakan dalam kondisi suhu ambien bervariasi antara -25 oC dan +70 oC. Fitur yang lain adalah dapat digunakan pada ketinggian 2000 m tanpa penurunan unjuk-kerja. Untuk MCCB yang dilengkapi dengan unit pelepas arus lebih elektronik, operasi proteksinya dijamin tidak terpengaruh adanya interferensi yang\ disebabkan oleh medan elektromagnetik.

MCCB Tmax dan Isomax S berikut lengkapannya mengacu ke standar IEC 60947-2 dan EC
(European Conformity) untuk:
􀂄 Low Voltage Directive (LVD) no. 72/23 EEC
􀂄 Electromagnetik Compatibility Directive (EMC) no. 89/336 EEC.

Tmax
MCCB Tmax T1, T2 dan T3 menggunakan unit pelepas arus lebih jenis thermomagnetik yang dapat diatur (TMD) yang digunakan untuk memproteksi aplikasi arus bolak-balik dan searah. Unit pelepas thermomagnetik ini terdiri dari unit thermal yang terbuat dari bimetal dan unit magnetik untuk proteksi terhadap hubung pendek. Khusus MCCB Tmax T2 dilengkapi dengan unit pelepas arus lebih (overcurrent releases) elektronik PR221DS berbasis teknologi mikroprosesor yang memberikan fungsi proteksi terhadap beban lebih L dan hubung pendek S/I.

Isomax S
MCCB Isomax S1, S2, S3, S5 dan S6 menggunakan unit pelepas arus lebih jenis thermomagnetik (TMD) dengan setelan arus lebih yang dapat diatur kecuali Isomax S1 dengan setelan tetap.
Sedangkan untuk Isomax S5, S6, S7 dan S8 menggunakan unit pelepas arus lebih jenis elektronik

PR211 (LI) dan PR212 (LSI-LSIG).
Untuk varian jenis tusuk tersedia Isomax S1 - S5, sedangkan untuk varian jenis tarik tersedia Isomax S3 - S7. Tersedia pula kit konversi dari jenis tetap ke jenis tusuk dan kit konversi dari jenis tetap ke jenis tarik sehingga memberikan kemudahan dalam pemasangan.

Unit trip
Unit trip LI memiliki proteksi terhadap arus beban lebih (L) dan arus hubung pendek (I). Sedangkan unit trip LSI memiliki proteksi terhadap arus beban lebih (L), arus hubung-pendek dengan tunda waktu (S) dan arus hubung-pendek instan (I). TMD = unit trip dengan setelan beban lebih yang dapat diatur.